In order to reduce the time and avoid detours in treatment, here is a brief summary of the consultation guidelines, which we hope will help you all. Surgical Staging: Phase I surgery: A dilated water bladder is implanted behind the ear and can be performed under local or general anesthesia. It takes about 1 hour and the hospital stay is about 5-7 days. After discharge from the hospital, the water is pumped regularly on an outpatient basis, and then the patient goes home to recuperate for 1 month in preparation for the second-stage surgery. Phase II surgery: general anesthesia. The child’s own rib cartilage is taken and sculpted into the shape of the ear, and external earplasty is performed. The skin of the rib was also taken to repair the outer ear. The surgery takes about 3-4 hours and the hospital stay is 1 week. After being discharged from the hospital, there are 2 follow-up examinations and then you can go home. Stage III surgery: External ear canal sculpting and hearing reconstruction is required for children without an ear canal. General anesthesia. Usually stage II surgery is performed six months later. The surgery takes about 3-4 hours and the hospital stay is 1 week. 2 follow-ups after discharge and then you can go home. Regular follow-ups. Timing of external ear repair: Usually 6-7 years old. This is because after this time the child will be in school or has just started school and the rehabilitation of their appearance will help protect them from discrimination and teasing by their peers and promote healthy psychological development. However, before the age of 6, the child’s rib cage is not fully developed and the amount of rib cage is not enough, so the surgery will have an impact on the child’s thorax. Timing of hearing reconstruction: If the child has no ear canal for both malformations, hearing development will be greatly affected and hearing needs to be obtained as early as possible. This is where unilateral ear canal reconstruction and hearing reconstruction can be performed, depending on the situation, or a BAHA hearing aid can be worn. If the atresia is unilateral and the hearing on the opposite side is normal, you can wait until you are 6-7 years old or older to have the surgery. In any case, it is important to get at least one side hearing as early as possible. Cost of surgery: The overall cost of all three surgeries is about $20,000+. How to consult: If your child needs surgery as I described above, you can see Prof. Chen Xiaowei or Dr. Yang Hua at the Department of Otolaryngology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.