Definition: A sudden increase in abdominal pressure (sneezing, coughing, laughing, exercise, etc.) leading to involuntary flow of urine out of the external orifice of the urethra is called stress urinary incontinence, which is not caused by the contractile pressure of the detrusor muscle or the tension pressure of the bladder wall on the urine, and is characterized by a social and hygienic problem caused by the absence of urine loss in the normal state and the automatic flow of urine when the abdominal pressure is suddenly increased. There are three degrees of stress urinary incontinence: coughing, sneezing and laughing: more than 2 times a week. Moderate stress incontinence: leakage occurs during sudden movements, rapid walking, jumping. Manifestations of severe stress urinary incontinence: persistent leakage occurs while standing. Pathogenic factors: age, gender, childbirth, obesity, living alone, lack of help, sleep, perimenopausal estrogen deficiency. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life: emotionally it can cause bad feelings such as anxiety, embarrassment and frustration; social activities are limited due to urine loss and body odor; physical activities and physical work are limited. Therefore, you should visit the hospital promptly. Incidence of urinary incontinence: 46, 5% in women, > 60% over 50 years old, 12, 1% in men. Classification of urinary incontinence 1, stress incontinence: 50% Involuntary leakage under physical pressure, not accompanied by urinary urgency. Signs: involuntary leakage of urine when coughing, laughing, sneezing or physical exertion. 2. Urge incontinence: 10%, signs: involuntary leakage of urine with urinary urgency. The leakage is accompanied by strong urinary urgency, frequency and nocturia. 3.Mixed incontinence: 40%. 4.Filling incontinence: urinary incontinence after urinary retention due to urinary tract obstruction. Diagnostic specifications for stress incontinence: routine urine examination, urine culture test, pressure test, finger pressure test cotton pad test (the patient puts a sanitary napkin after urinating, and after putting it in place, does a prescribed action to see how much urine leaks in one hour, or how much urine leaks in three hours, or 24 hours, so that an accurate standard can be derived.) and urodynamic examination. Treatment of stress urinary incontinence: Conservative treatment for stress urinary incontinence below moderate level, and surgical treatment above moderate level. Conservative treatment includes physical therapy for stress urinary incontinence, pelvic floor functional exercises for stress urinary incontinence (method: anal lifting exercises, 10 seconds per contraction, 10 seconds rest, 30 exercises per exercise three times a day. Indications: Those who have the will to persevere, and those who are light weight or can lose weight. (This method is very simple, is to contract the anus, we can do in the office, standing can do, ride the bus can also do) Stress urinary incontinence medication (for mild to moderate patients) Tube pass: can control and reduce symptoms, but need to take long-term, side effects: may lead to increased blood pressure. Estrogen: Indication for postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence, has some efficacy, side effect: long-term use is inconclusive on whether it may lead to breast cancer or endometrial cancer. The latest surgical treatment Transvaginal transconjunctival urethral suspension (TVT-O): simple, safe and minimally invasive, nearly 1 million women worldwide have undergone this procedure to date, with a cure rate of over 90%. Post-operative precautions: pay attention to limiting activities that increase abdominal pressure, prohibit sexual intercourse for one month, and come to the hospital for follow-up three weeks, six months, and one year after surgery.