Laboratory tests Laboratory tests: routine urinalysis and quantitative culture of mid-stream urine bacteria should be performed routinely. Cystourethrography Lateral cystourethrography can only show the relationship between the bladder neck and the urethra, its morphology and position well. With conventional methods, the urethra overlaps with the bladder neck and the pelvis, femur and other bone tissues, and the image of the bladder and urethra is fuzzy, which cannot meet the diagnostic requirements, so a special method is needed in order to show the image of the bladder and urethra well. A catheter is inserted, and 150 ml of water-soluble contrast agent warmed to 37°C is injected into the bladder after the urine is drained to show the whole bladder. Then 15ml of iodine oil heated to 37℃ is injected into the bladder, and the iodine oil adheres to the bladder base to show the bladder base and bladder neck. The catheter is removed, and a sterilized metal pellet chain is gradually fed into the urethra from the urethral opening. The image of the pellet chain indicates the morphology and position of the urethra, and the end of the pellet chain is held with a small clip to prevent the pellet chain from slipping into the bladder. The three different substances are x-rayed at different depths, thus showing the bladder, bladder base, neck and urethra. Then, lateral cystourethrography was performed in the prone and standing positions, and lateral cystourethrography was performed in different positions with forceful breath holding to increase abdominal pressure. The images of the bladder and urethra in different positions and under different conditions, such as normal breathing and breath-holding, will be compared and observed. Urodynamics examination Urodynamics examination includes cystometry and static urethral manometry. Many bladder disorders can cause stress incontinence, but in simple true stress incontinence, the bladder function is normal, so symptomatic stress incontinence caused by abnormal bladder function can be ruled out by cystometry. Static urethral manometry is of greater diagnostic value in true stress incontinence.