Symptoms and signs 1. hematuria Hematuria can be mild or severe, with only microscopic hematuria in mild cases, but in severe cases it can cause anemia and hemodynamic changes in bleeding. It can be sudden massive hematuria, or persistent recurrent hematuria.
2. Medical history Often there is a history of exposure to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other drugs and toxins after tumor.
Treatment plan 1. Immediately stop the use of or exposure to drugs that can cause hemorrhagic cystitis.
2.Drink more water and urinate more often to reduce the concentration of metabolites and the time of contact with the bladder.
3, bladder drug irrigation to reduce bleeding, such as the use of 1% silver nitrate solution, 1% alum solution, 4% or 10% formaldehyde solution, etc.. The irrigation solution can add norepinephrine to help stop the bleeding.
4.The whole body with hemostatic drugs.
5.Apply antibiotics to control infection.
6.Supportive therapy, if necessary, give blood transfusion, rehydration, etc.
7.Consider bilateral internal iliac artery embolization or ligation when bleeding is severe, and perform cystectomy if needed.