Laboratory Diagnosis
Routine laboratory tests: are routinely required for thoracic surgery patients. It can provide some of the most basic information about the patient’s status and disease clues.
Blood count.
Red blood cell function, mainly done by hemoglobin (Hb), which acts as a respiratory carrier and can carry oxygen 1.34 ml/g hemoglobin. It is of great significance for thoracic surgery. Hb ≥ 10g is usually required for surgery. The average life span of red blood cells is 120 days.
For patients with esophageal cancer, in the early stage, due to feeding obstruction, occasional pain, patients are reluctant to eat, in the middle and late stage, eating difficulties and inability to eat, coupled with malnutrition caused by tumor consumption, anemia can occur, for patients with lung cancer, because of tumor self-secretion, decreased appetite can also lead to anemia.
Routine urine and stool
1.Liver function and blood clotting function test
2.Renal function and electrolyte test
3.Immune function test: It can be used to estimate the immune function status of patients. Commonly used items include immunoglobulin, complement, T and B lymphocytes, immune complex detection, etc.
4.Tumor series testing.
5.Pre-transfusion series: Hepatitis series, HIV (HIV), syphilis antibody.
6.Blood type
Instrument examination
1.Electrocardiogram
2.Upper abdomen ultrasound or CT
3.Pulmonary function: spirometry and blood gas analysis
4.Cardiac ultrasound: suitable for the elderly, those with heart disease, patients with cardiac insufficiency, and
5.Esophagoscopy
6.Bronchoscopy
7.Cranial CT or MRI
8.PET-CT