1, AIDS dementia syndrome is a subcortical dementia, insidious progression, seen in about 20% of AIDS patients; early apathy, social avoidance, reduced libido, slowed thinking, inattention and amnesia, etc., depression or mania, motor retardation, lower extremity weakness, ataxia and Parkinson’s syndrome, etc., and late severe dementia, inactive muteness, motor inability, paraplegia and urinary incontinence, etc.. CT or MRI shows cortical atrophy, ventricular dilatation and white matter changes, etc.
2. Recurrent or chronic meningitis: chronic headache, meningeal irritation, trigeminal, facial and auditory nerve damage, chronic inflammatory response in CSF, positive HIV culture.
3, chronic progressive myelopathy, posterior and lateral cord lesions are obvious, and vacuolation-like degeneration of the white matter of the spinal cord (vacuolation myelopathy) is seen, manifesting progressive spastic paraplegia with profound sensory impairment, sensory ataxia and dementia, most of which are completely wheelchair dependent within weeks to months, and a few are progressing painlessly within a few years.
4, peripheral neuropathy Can manifest distal symmetric polyneuropathy, majority mononeuropathy, chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy, sensory ataxic neuropathy, progressive polyneurogenic neuropathy and ganglion neuritis, etc. Polyneuropathy is the most common. HIV-induced myopathy is rare.