Breast lumpectomy is an advanced modern minimally invasive technique for the treatment of benign and malignant breast diseases. One of the major advances in surgery in the late 20th century was the gradual maturation of the theory of minimally invasive surgery and the rapid development of lumpectomy as an important hallmark of minimally invasive surgery. In the process of breast development, the trend of minimally invasive, function-preserving and cosmetic-oriented surgery has been the main demand in recent years. With its unique technical advantages and therapeutic effects, breast lumpectomy has demonstrated good application value in the field of breast surgery and has received satisfactory evaluation from patients and their families. Breast lumpectomy for breast diseases is characterized by less trauma, preservation of function and cosmetic appearance, less bleeding and faster recovery from surgery. The use of breast lumpectomy technique to clear axillary lymph nodes and internal breast lymph node dissection reduces complications and improves patients’ quality of life. The surgical approach covers almost all aspects of breast surgery. The breast lumpectomy technique is performed by observing a video screen operation and combining it with cosmetic breast surgery techniques to select an incision in the areola or armpit depending on the location of the swelling, thus achieving a small, hidden incision and ensuring a good cosmetic breast appearance. The Mammotome vacuum-assisted minimally invasive breast rotation system allows biopsy and complete excision of breast lesions in a precise, minimally invasive and safe manner. Deep lesions and tiny tumors as small as 3 mm in diameter can be accurately removed. The incision is tiny and the cosmetic effect is good: compared with the incision of 3-5 cm in traditional surgery, the incision of McMurdo is only 2-5 mm, no suture is needed and no scar is left; moreover, multiple lesions on the same side of the breast can be removed through one incision. It avoids cutting through the skin, subcutaneous tissue and normal glands, resulting in less tissue damage and faster recovery, which is especially advantageous for deep breast masses and obese patients. However, McMurdo is only used for benign breast diseases, while for malignant tumors, McMurdo spinotomy will destroy the integrity of the tumor; in the removal of benign fibroadenoma, not only the tumor itself should be removed, but also the adjacent 1cm gland around the tumor is the most affected area for recurrence and lesions, so complete and complete removal is more important, and in this regard, breast lumpectomy can be done under direct vision, which obviously has more advantages for larger benign lesions and malignant tumors.