Tennis elbow, also known as “humeral epicondylitis”, is a common clinical condition in orthopedics. It causes significant pain in the elbow joint and severely affects the function of the affected limb. The accuracy of the designation has been questioned, as most patients are manual laborers and housewives, not tennis players. Second, the pathological changes are tendon tissue degeneration rather than inflammation; they include tendon collagen fiber rupture, partial tendon tear, intra-tendon calcification, local vascular hyperplasia and edema. Studies have demonstrated that the number of apoptotic cells and autophagic cells within the radial short extensor tendon of tennis elbow patients increases with the severity of the lesion, suggesting a degeneration. Therefore, it has been suggested to change the name to “lateral elbow tendinopathy”. Currently, no method has been proven to be absolutely effective for tennis elbow. Therefore, it is essential to develop a systematic approach that works. Hormonal therapy is considered to be the pathological basis for the inflammation. However, studies have demonstrated that the pathological changes are actually tendon degeneration. Hormone injections temporarily relieve pain but aggravate local tendon tissue necrosis. Muscle spasm leads to impaired microcirculation within the ECRB, which is an important cause of elbow pain. One study injected botulinum toxin type A into the ECRB two fingers distal to the epicondyle. The increased blood flow within the muscle and the local aerobic metabolic response in the external epicondyle reduces lactic acid production due to anaerobic metabolism and reduces elbow pain. Tissue-engineered cell injections, such as ultrasound-guided injection of ex vivo isolated cultured fibroblasts into the tendon rupture site, are performed with the aim of repairing the tendon tissue. The surgical principle is to cleanse the degenerated torn tendon tissue at the ECRB stop. Whether simple debridement or stop reconstruction is still under discussion. In recent years, more scholars believe that the extension tendon stops should be repaired and reconstructed after cleanup. Using a modified Nirschl cleanup, the common extensor tendon is separated from the lateral epicondyle, the degenerated degenerated tissue at the stop is excised, the lateral epicondyle is decorticated, and then the common extensor tendon is sutured directly to the elbow muscle and triceps flap. The surgical approach is either incisional or arthroscopic. There is also no consensus on whether to use incisional or arthroscopic surgery. Currently, treatment is more likely to involve elbow protection, reduced activity, local hormone injections, and anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications.