A low-salt, low-fat diet is advocated for patients with hypertension. (a) Exercise Appropriate exercise can lower sympathetic nerve activity through regulation, and blood pressure can have different degrees of decline. According to the age and physical condition, patients are recommended to take a walk, practice taijiquan, jogging, etc. (ii) Weight reduction Through dieting, supplemented by appropriate patient: Description of the condition (onset time, main symptoms, hospital visited, etc.): The patient had a cough with white foamy sputum in February 2009. Thought it was a cold, took medicine for a long time without improvement. Wheezing was somewhat aggravated and sometimes could not lie flat at night. Went to Tongzhou District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and an ECG showed atrial fibrillation. The doctor recommended hospitalization. After hospitalization, he pushed nitroglycerin pump 50ml per day, input cefuroxime, Ambroxol, and took digoxin. There was significant improvement in 10 days of treatment. He was discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of anemia, pulmonary heart disease and heart failure grade 4. Is there any better treatment recommendation for this patient. The patient’s diagnosis is clear, so the treatment is also clear. At present, the patient’s main symptoms are in heart failure (as you described: nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, inability to lie down with seated breathing, increased wheezing, coughing white foamy sputum) and has been diagnosed with cardiac insufficiency grade 4, which is the most severe form of heart failure. The cause of his heart failure lies in pulmonary heart disease, anemia, and atrial fibrillation. (Whether there are other etiologies or triggers is not described by the patient). Therefore, the current treatment is to improve cardiac function to relieve symptoms (symptomatic treatment) on the one hand, and to remove and limit the underlying causes and eliminate the triggers (allopathic treatment) on the other. And it should be combined with rest, lifestyle improvement and other general treatment (medication + conditioning). To achieve the purpose of eliminating the causes, improving the heart function and improving the quality of life. Specific treatment is as follows: 1, drug therapy to improve cardiac function: (1) diuretics, reduce the load on the heart. (2) ACEI (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), inhibit the remodeling of the ventricle and blood vessels, maintain myocardial function, improve long-term prognosis, and reduce mortality. (3) Vasodilators to reduce cardiac load and improve myocardial blood supply: such as nitroglycerin and other nitrate drugs to improve myocardial blood supply. According to whether the patient has indications can also use digitalis preparations to improve myocardial function, and β-blockers, etc. (1) Remove the causes of heart failure such as bronchopulmonary diseases, avoid respiratory infections and other causes of pulmonary heart disease, improve pulmonary circulation, reduce pulmonary hypertension, and thus reduce cardiac load. (2) Correcting anemia and enhancing nutrition, thereby reducing cardiac load and improving myocardial blood supply, oxygen supply and nutrients. (3) Treat atrial fibrillation and complications, prevent thrombosis, and if possible, correct atrial fibrillation and control ventricular rate. (3) General treatment: (1) rest: control the amount of activity, avoid mental stimulation, can first have family members to help move the limbs in bed, and then gradually resume the amount of activity as the recovery of cardiac function. (2) Oxygen intake to reduce the load on the heart. (3) Improve lifestyle, such as quitting smoking and alcohol, losing weight in obese people, controlling hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, etc. It is advisable to eat less and more meals, and use nutritious, easily digestible and less flatulent food. Particular attention should be paid to limiting the intake of salt and paying attention to electrolyte balance. (4) Eliminate the patient’s mental tension and try to improve sleep, etc. 4, attached to the prevention of heart failure: (1) to prevent the initial myocardial injury, eliminate the causes of cardiovascular disease. Prevent coronary atherosclerosis, control blood pressure, blood sugar, lipids, quit smoking and limit alcohol. Actively prevent and treat infective endocarditis and pericarditis. Correct anemia. Actively prevent and treat respiratory tract infections and rheumatic fever, etc. Correct severe cardiac arrhythmias. Avoid overwork or emotional excitement, etc.; (2) Prevent further damage to the myocardium Actively treat acute heart attack, (3) Prevent deterioration of the myocardium after injury When exercising to reduce body weight. (3) Rational diet Limit salt intake to 3-6 grams per day; eat less fat and more vegetables and fruits; limit alcohol consumption, etc. Through health education, children with a family history of hypertension are advocated to maintain a happy mood, moderate exercise, reasonable diet (limit salt, tobacco, alcohol), weight reduction, etc., are the basic measures of hypertension prevention; these measures also have a definite preventive significance for the prevention of complications and target organ damage in patients who already suffer from hypertension. In fact, any patient with hypertension can use a variety of drugs to control blood pressure, but treatment should be individualized. To date, it is best to consult between the patient and the physician in the hospital to jointly develop a study abroad treatment plan in order to obtain the most effective treatment effect. Diuretics can also cause vasodilatation Because diuretics lead to loss of potassium ions from urine, they are often used in conjunction with potassium supplements or potassium-protective preparations. Diuretics are more suitable for the elderly, obese people and hypertensive patients with heart or kidney failure, etc. Commonly used drugs include hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, spironolactone, etc. 2.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Lower blood pressure by dilating arterial blood vessels These drugs are especially suitable for young people with heart failure, patients with proteinuria due to chronic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy, and patients with more side effects from other drugs, etc. Commonly used drugs include enalapril, canapril, etc. 3. Angiotensin II blockers produce antihypertensive effects through a mechanism similar to that of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (but with more direct effects) Commonly used drugs include valsartan, coxsartan, etc. 4. Calcium antagonists cause vasodilation through a completely different mechanism. Beta-blockers lower blood pressure by reducing myocardial contractility, slowing heart rate, and inhibiting renin release. Commonly used drugs are metoprolol, atenolol, etc.