Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as primary or immune thrombocytopenic purpura, is characterized by a significant decrease in peripheral platelets and impaired maturation of bone marrow megakaryocytes, with clinical manifestations of bleeding from skin mucosa or internal organs, and in severe cases, bleeding from other sites such as nosebleeds, gum bleeding, excessive menstrual flow in women or severe vomiting, hemoptysis, blood in stool, blood in urine and other symptoms, complicated by intracranial Intracranial hemorrhage is the cause of death in this disease. The etiology of the disease is unknown. The acute form occurs after recovery from an acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, suggesting an association between thrombocytopenia and an immune response to the primary infection. Anti-platelet antibodies can be detected in the serum of about half of the patients with the chronic form. Clinical typing: 1. Acute ITP: There is often a history of viral infection 1 to 2 weeks prior to the onset of the disease. The onset of the disease is rapid and may be accompanied by fever, chills, and fear of cold, with sudden onset of extensive and severe skin and mucosal bleeding. Skin bleeding is manifested as petechiae or petechiae all over the body, dense red color, most common in the limbs and easy to collide with parts of the body, and in severe cases may fuse into patches or even form hematomas, nasal and gingival bleeding is also more common, and can be accompanied by gastrointestinal and urinary bleeding, etc. Intracranial, spinal cord and meningeal bleeding is less common, but if you see large purple spots or blood blisters in the mouth and tongue, accompanied by headache or vomiting, it is often a precursor of intracranial bleeding and should be especially alert. Generally, the degree of bleeding is proportional to the degree of thrombocytopenia. The duration of the disease is mostly 4-6 weeks, and the longest six months can be self-healing. The liver and lymph nodes are usually not enlarged, and 10% to 20% of patients may have mild splenomegaly. The corresponding neurological symptoms may appear in case of intracranial hemorrhage. 2, chronic type ITP: generally insidious onset, most of them have a history of easy purpura, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, excessive menstruation, prolonged bleeding after minor surgery or trauma, etc. months or even years before diagnosis, the degree of bleeding varies, generally mild, purpura is scattered and pale, mostly occurs in the lower extremities, rarely appears hematoma or blister, urinary bleeding, even intracranial bleeding or hemorrhagic shock, its mortality rate <1%, mostly due to Acute attacks are induced by upper respiratory tract infection or overexertion, and each attack can last for weeks or even months. In remission, the bleeding is not significant and only the platelet count is reduced.