Most congenital heart diseases can be cured by surgical and interventional methods, and most children can achieve a normal level of heart function. It is generally believed that surgery should be done before school age so that the child’s studies are not affected, and early surgery is less psychologically traumatic than at an older age, and has less impact on physiology and growth. However, there are many kinds of congenital heart disease and the severity of symptoms varies, so it is obviously unscientific to make a generalization about the choice of treatment time. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the treatment of congenital heart disease is no longer limited by age and weight, and individualized treatment plans should be developed according to the specific disease and different conditions of the child. It is worth mentioning that the old popular science books and early monographs define the timing of surgery in a general way, which may cause some medical personnel to mislead the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill children. We also often encounter parents who are negligent and delay seeking medical attention, resulting in advanced disease or even loss of surgical opportunity, or complications of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, increasing the risk of surgery. Therefore, we remind parents to take their children to a specialized hospital as early as possible for examination to clarify the nature and degree of heart malformation and to decide the age of surgery or interventional treatment, so as not to delay the best time for treatment with the idea of “waiting until they are older”. 2. For children with mild or no clinical symptoms, regular follow-up examinations should be arranged in strict accordance with the specialist to understand the changes in cardiopulmonary load, adjust the treatment plan in time, and prevent complications such as infective endocarditis. The best timing for the treatment of several common precardiac diseases is described as follows: PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) Immature infants, neonatal period combined with pulmonary hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia and other delayed closure of the PDA, heart failure, when the prostaglandin synthase blocker anti-inflammatory pain can be given orally or intravenously slowly, for premature infants within 1 week of birth, neonatal closure of the PDA efficiency of up to 60% -80%. -80%. As long as the child is ≥ 3 months of age and weighs ≥ 4 kg, interventional catheterization is currently advocated, the narrowest part of the catheter less than 2.5 mm can be preferred to the spring ring plugging PDA, greater than 2.5 mm Ampletzer plugging device, this is a safe, effective, minimally invasive non-surgical method. Newborns and infants under 3 months of age with critical clinical symptoms due to thick PDA, shortness of breath, sweating, feeding difficulties, weight gain, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, should be operated immediately. PDA combined with infective endocarditis with superfluous formation, which cannot be controlled by medical treatment and PDA that cannot be treated interventionally should be operated as soon as possible. Secondary foramen ovale septal defect (ASD) Generally speaking, children with ASD have mild clinical symptoms and few symptoms in infancy, and most of them are detected during early childhood or school-age physical examination. ASD is widely used in clinical practice with interventional catheterization and its indications are: ① secondary orifice ASD of Q34 mm in diameter; ② distance from the edge of the defect to the vena cava, coronary sinus, atrioventricular valve and pulmonary veins ≥4 mm; ② septal extension diameter should be greater than ASD + l4 mm. If the diagnosis of ASD is clear and there is no indication for interventional treatment, surgery should be performed early without waiting. Especially for children with large defects with recurrent pulmonary infections, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure, early surgery for radical treatment should be performed regardless of age. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) can be divided into membranous, sub-stem and myocardial defects according to the site of VSD. The natural closure rate is currently reported to be 21%-63% at home and abroad. It is generally believed that small VSDs have a high natural closure rate and large VSDs have a low closure rate.