First of all, pre-operative care and post-operative care: 1. Pre-operative care: first of all, improve the relevant examination, treat chronic diseases, advise the patient to eat a high protein, high vitamin, low fat diet, supplement nutrition, enhance physical fitness, the body can tolerate surgery, and promote wound healing. There is also specialized care, first of all, patients should be taught the importance of putting negative pressure drains, keeping them open and preventing dislodgement and distortion. Before surgery, patients should be taught the importance of gradual functional exercise of the upper limbs, the importance of elevation of the affected upper limbs, and strengthening the awareness of the protection of the affected limbs, which are the key points of preoperative care. After 6 hours of surgery, the patient should be placed in supine position with a special pillow for the upper limb on the affected side, and after 6 hours, the patient can be placed in semi-recumbent position to assist in drainage. This is the position. The wound is regularly observed, the color of the flap, and whether the flap floats. If the drainage fluid exceeds 100ml per hour, the wound is considered to have active bleeding and the doctor should be informed for immediate treatment. This is the observation of the drainage tube, the drainage bottle should be changed every day and the drainage flow should be recorded. Because tumor patients are of advanced age and prone to venous thrombosis, they should move both lower limbs in bed within 24 hours after surgery. Encourage the patient to move early, that is, after 24 hours, the patient can be instructed to do functional exercises of the upper limbs. 24 hours later, the patient can start to do activities of bending joints, such as straightening, fist clenching, elbow bending and wrist bending. 3-5 days later, the patient can be instructed to do functional exercises of the upper limbs step by step. The breast specialist has developed a set of rehabilitation exercises for upper limb function after breast cancer surgery, which must be adhered to. Some patients are reluctant to exercise after returning home from the ward, and after 2-3 months, the upper limbs become edematous, so functional exercise is quite important and should be insisted until half a year.