Patients with hypertension do not develop significant fundus lesions in grade 1 and 2 hypertension, but once the hypertension is above grade 2 to grade 3 hypertension for a longer period of time, it leads to fundus changes, which are caused by atherosclerosis of the capillaries. There are many types of fundus changes in hypertension, usually divided into 4 classes: Class 1 is a functional narrowing or mild sclerosis of the retinal arteries, filiform changes occur mainly in the second branch and the following branches of capillaries with atherosclerosis. class 2 is significantly more severe than class 1 according to the degree of retinal artery sclerosis, with uneven narrowing of the arterial vessel diameter and arteriovenous cross-indentation. class 3, in addition to In addition to retinal artery stenosis and atherosclerosis, grade 3 also has retinal labyrinthine edema, white spots, and hemorrhage. grade 4 has optic nerve papillary edema in addition to grade 3 changes. Once a patient with hypertension develops fundus changes, it is important to seek immediate medical treatment, as it can be severe enough to cause blindness.