Currently, the number of people suffering from hypertension in China is increasing, which brings a heavy burden to families and society. Therefore, reasonable control of hypertension is of great significance. First, the principles of hypertension treatment There are three major principles of treatment: attainment, smooth and comprehensive management. This can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications and death. 1.Lowering blood pressure to achieve the standard: regardless of the treatment used, the blood pressure control below the target value is fundamental, that is, the blood pressure down is more important than the method used. 2, stable blood pressure: long-term stability of blood pressure is very important, fluctuating blood pressure will also increase the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. 3, comprehensive intervention management: the choice of antihypertensive drugs should also take into account the presence of other conditions such as the combination of hyperglycemia, urine protein, etc. For patients with hypertension, most of them should have systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg. For patients aged ≥80 years old with multiple diseases affecting prognosis, the blood pressure control target can be relaxed, such as systolic blood pressure <150 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg. Lifestyle interventions Lifestyle interventions are basic and should be adhered to for a long time, mainly The following aspects: salt restriction, weight reduction, more exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol restriction, and maintaining a peaceful state of mind. All patients with hypertension, once diagnosed, are recommended to start drug therapy immediately along with lifestyle interventions. Only hypertensive patients with systolic blood pressure <160mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <100mmHg and without combined coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, peripheral atherosclerosis, kidney disease or diabetes, doctors can also suspend the administration of drugs according to the condition and the patient's wishes, and use simple lifestyle intervention for a maximum of 3 months, if the standard is still not met, then start drug therapy. 2, antihypertensive drug selection Try to use the five major classes of antihypertensive drugs with clear evidence and improved prognosis, namely angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARB), beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCB) and diuretics, referred to as A, B, C and D in that order. 3, drug treatment plan According to the presence of comorbidities and blood pressure level of patients, choose Appropriate drugs, preferably long-acting drugs. Patients with hypertension can start with the usual starting dose, except for elderly patients with a high risk of heart failure and postural hypotension whose initial drug use is recommended to start with a small dose. Commonly used combinations are CCB + ACEI/ARB, CCB + diuretics, etc. 4. Medication precautions (1) After each adjustment of drug type or dose, it is recommended to observe for 2~4 weeks to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapy and avoid frequent drug changes unless there are adverse reactions and other intolerances or situations that require urgent treatment. (2) ACEI and ARB are generally not used in combination. 5, blood pressure ≥ 180/110mmHg emergency treatment (1) blood pressure ≥ 180/110mmHg, not accompanied by acute complications of heart, brain, kidney clinical symptoms: ① oral short-acting antihypertensive drugs, such as captopril 12.5 ~ 25mg, or nifedipine 10mg or metoprolol 25mg orally, 1 hour after the drug can be repeated, outpatient observation until it is reduced to 180/110 mmHg or less; ② still ≥180/110mmHg, or symptoms are obvious, recommend referral; ③ 24~48 hours to 160/100mmHg or less, after that adjust the long-term treatment plan; ④ Note: sublingual nifedipine and other short-acting drugs are strictly prohibited to rapidly lower blood pressure. (2) Blood pressure ≥ 180/110 mmHg with clinical symptoms of acute complications of heart, brain and kidney: immediately go to the hospital for consultation.