A lump next to the anus hurts when touched, also known as a perianal swelling with tenderness or pressure pain. The swelling can be a hard node, abscess, etc. It is mostly considered to be a perianal abscess, external hemorrhoid or carbuncle, etc. It can be judged according to the growth site and texture. Patients can take appropriate warm water sitz baths to relieve pain and improve symptoms through medication and, if necessary, surgery. This symptom is commonly seen in the following clinical situations: 1. Perianal abscess: 1. Etiological symptoms: Mostly due to obstruction and infection of anal glands caused by purulent germs, commonly found in the posterior or lateral subcutaneous space of the anus, the main symptoms are persistent throbbing pain in the perianal area, obvious redness and swelling of the lesion, hard nodes and pressure pain, abscess formation can have a sense of fluctuation, and when the lesion is deeper, there can be only hard nodes and no redness visible; 2. Treatment Measures: anti-infection treatment with metronidazole, ofloxacin, etc. can be prescribed by the doctor, and warm water sitz bath, oral laxative or topical liquid paraffin can also be used to relieve symptoms and reduce pain during defecation. If the abscess is too large, puncture and drainage or incision can be chosen to remove the pus. The main clinical manifestations of external hemorrhoids are anal discomfort, pain, dampness and uncleanness, and itching from time to time. Connective tissue external hemorrhoids are yellowish-brown or black in color and vary in size and shape; varicose veins are varicose vein masses at the anal verge, most of which do not have obvious conscious discomfort; thrombosed external hemorrhoids are found on both sides of the anus and form hematomas; 2. Treatment measures: local hot compresses or sitz baths can be used to reduce pain; external erythromycin ointment and tetracycline ointment are used to reduce inflammation and swelling; surgical removal of hemorrhoids can be performed if necessary to completely remove If necessary, surgical excision of hemorrhoids can be performed to completely remove the local lesions of the anus. C. Canker sores: 1. Etiological symptoms: Mostly due to infection or foreign body injury, etc. The lesions start out as diffuse inflammatory hard lumps with a tense, shiny surface and poorly defined boundaries. It can spread rapidly to the surrounding and deeper skin, followed by suppuration, central softening necrosis, and multiple pus heads on the surface. 2. Treatment measures: Topical medication is the main treatment, such as ichthyolite ointment, tincture of iodine, and mupirocin ointment, which can eliminate inflammation and improve pain symptoms. Oral antibiotic treatment is also available, such as penicillin, cefixime, etc. In addition, rectal polyps, anal acromegaly and other diseases can also be manifested as perianal swelling, occasionally seen as pressure pain, it is recommended to find perianal swelling and seek medical treatment in a timely manner.