The long-term efficacy, safety, and management of bleeding associated with new anticoagulants; the long-term efficacy of catheter ablation and the impact of late recurrence on the risk of thromboembolism; and whether catheter ablation will ultimately change the antithrombotic treatment strategy for atrial fibrillation. 4. Will it eventually become the first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation? How to promote it steadily? 5. The safety, long-term efficacy, and prospects for routine clinical application of left-ear occlusion. Risk factors: adding new members Studies have shown that advanced age, diabetes, hypertension, history of myocardial infarction, history of heart failure, and valvular heart disease are independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation. Some studies have found that patients with end-stage renal disease are also at high risk for atrial fibrillation. The FDA approved dabigatran for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation in 2010, and the 2011 U.S. Guidelines for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation recommend dabigatran for patients with atrial fibrillation who have risk factors for stroke or embolism in the body circulation, do not have an implanted prosthetic heart valve or hemodynamic valve disease, do not have severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance of 15 ml/min) or severe liver disease. Dabigatran can be used as an alternative therapy to warfarin for stroke prevention and body circulation embolism (I, B). Non-pharmacologic treatment: elevated status Catheter ablation may be the first-line treatment The status of catheter ablation in the management of atrial fibrillation is increasing, but the current studies on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation include almost exclusively patients who have failed pharmacologic therapy. Can catheter ablation be used as first-line treatment for paroxysmal AF? At the 2011 American Heart Association (AHA) Annual Meeting Nielsen presented a randomized multicenter trial comparing catheter ablation with antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. 294 patients were enrolled and followed for 2 years. The results showed that atrial fibrillation (including symptomatic atrial fibrillation) loads were much lower in the catheter ablation group than in the drug treatment group, and quality of life was better than in the drug treatment group. The results of this study support catheter ablation as a first-line treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Left-ear occlusion is an important addition to the prevention of atrial fibrillation embolism Studies have shown that left-ear occlusion is not inferior to warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation.