Patients with intractable epilepsy require surgical evaluation, and some noninvasive methods cannot determine the location of the epileptogenic focus and require intracranial EEG monitoring with electrodes placed into the skull. Intracranial EEG can exclude interference from the scalp and skull and also allows electrodes to be placed into the cerebral sulcus or deeper parts of the brain. It has many advantages over scalp EEG. The disadvantage is that it requires craniotomy or drilling to place the electrodes. Stereotactic EEG (SEEG) is a minimally invasive method that requires no surgical incision and requires only 2mm drilling of microscopic holes in the scalp and skull to place deep electrodes in specific locations deep in the brain. Stereotactic EEG technology consists of a complete set of techniques: 3D reconstruction of the cerebral cortex, 3D reconstruction of the cerebral vasculature, image fusion techniques such as cranial MRI, CT, angiography, PET-CT, and image transparency. SEEG has a history of more than 30 years in foreign countries and is only performed in a few internationally renowned epilepsy centers.
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