Biological treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors DD tumor vaccine The standardized treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors of the extremities (e.g., osteosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, etc.) includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgical treatment. The result of their standardized treatment is that the 5-year survival rate of limb malignancies has increased from less than 20% to about 70%. However, medical practitioners and research scholars continue to challenge malignant tumors and seek new breakthroughs in treatment, one of which is represented by tumor vaccines. Tumor vaccines are used to activate the body’s immune system with tumor cells, tumor cell lysates or tumor antigens to produce specific anti-tumor cell immune effects. It is a therapeutic and novel tumor treatment method and a kind of active immunotherapy. Simply put, it is the use of the patient’s own tumor cells that have been processed to produce antibodies that are reused in the treatment of the patient. The personal understanding is to seek long-term survival of tumor-bearing (or tumor-free) patients. Figure 1 shows the principle of action of tumor vaccine. The research group led by academician Lu Shibi from the Institute of Orthopedics of PLA General Hospital has successfully developed an individual-specific vaccine against malignant tumors of bone and soft tissues of the extremities, and its sensitivity against different diseases is shown in Figure 2. The clinical trials have achieved good clinical efficacy and are expected to be promoted in the near future. To sum up, tumor vaccines have the following characteristics: 1. The basis of immunotherapy for tumors is that the immune system of the body has the ability to monitor and kill tumor cells. Its treatment mechanism is different from the traditional radiotherapy and surgery. 2. Compared with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, tumor immunotherapy has the characteristics of high specificity and low side effects. Theoretically, every tumor patient can benefit from immunotherapy, and early stage patients have better response to immunotherapy because their immune system has not been seriously affected by tumor, and the efficacy of immunotherapy is relatively enhanced. 4. The targets of immunotherapy are all patients with malignant tumors and prior consent from family members.