The difference between ulcerative proctitis and common chronic proctitis lies in whether chronic ulcerative changes occur in the rectum. First, the difference is microscopic. Ulcerative proctitis is seen as diffuse congestion and edema of the rectal mucosa with a granular surface, and foci of erosion as well as foci of ulceration can be seen. Chronic proctitis is characterized by microscopic manifestations of rectal mucosa congestion, edema, and may be accompanied by foci of erosion, but no foci of ulceration. The difference in clinical symptoms is that patients with ulcerative proctitis may have abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus stools, and pus and blood stools, while patients with chronic proctitis may not have obvious clinical symptoms, and may have vague pain in the lower abdomen, accompanied by changes in stools, such as an increase in the number of stools, but not mucus stools and pus and blood stools. In the treatment, ulcerative proctitis patients need regular cooperation with doctors to give the use of anti-ulcer medication, chronic proctitis patients can be appropriate use of probiotics treatment.