Congenital heart disease develops mainly due to local anatomical abnormalities caused by disorders in the formation of the heart and large blood vessels during the period of human embryonic development (within the first 2-3 months of pregnancy), or heart abnormalities caused by the failure to close in time the channels that should close automatically after birth when they are normal in fetal fashion. In about one in every hundred babies, there is one with congenital heart disease. That is, the population prevalence of congenital heart disease is about 1% (0.6%-1.2%). This is a significant number for a large China of more than one billion people. The most common congenital heart diseases are atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and triplet of Fallot. If a pregnant woman develops a viral infection such as rubella or measles in the early stages of pregnancy, suffers from alcohol or drug abuse, is exposed to radiation, or takes certain medications, it may lead to malformations in the embryonic heart development. However, in most cases, the cause of the abnormality is unknown. The child should be taken to the cardiac surgery or internal medicine department of the hospital as early as possible to clarify the nature and extent of the heart malformation and to determine the appropriate time for surgery. Those that should be done early should not be hesitated, while those that need to be done with a little delay should not be rushed. Congenital heart disease is generally not a genetic disease With the continuous improvement of the world and China’s medical level, the surgical and non-surgical treatment of congenital heart disease is encouraging. It should be said that for simple congenital heart diseases, such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary valve stenosis, etc., the current surgical treatment technology is mature and basically reliable, and there is less risk of surgical mortality. Patients can live and work like normal people after surgery. Some complex congenital heart diseases can do anatomical correction, which means that the repaired heart is structurally the same as normal people, and the results are also very good. There are also some surgical treatments for complex congenital heart disease that are still being explored. Congenital heart disease is generally not a genetic disease, but some families have many people suffering from congenital heart disease, or among blood-related people such as uncles, aunts, uncles, uncles and cousins with the disease. The probability of their children having the disease increases exponentially. There are three main clinical manifestations of congenital heart disease In most cases, congenital heart disease is asymptomatic and its abnormalities are detected during routine heart examinations. In fact, children with congenital heart disease often have a heart murmur, so parents of babies born in regular hospitals know about their child’s disease after the initial examination by an obstetrician. There are also some attentive parents who find that their children are panting after breastfeeding, not crying loudly, short crying, large chest undulation, panic and shortness of breath after activity, prone to pneumonia, often fever requiring infusion or hospitalization, these parents take their children to the hospital cardiology specialist and often get a confirmed diagnosis. There are three main clinical manifestations: 1. Cyanotic congenital heart disease: the child’s lips and nails are blue, blue after crying, and in severe cases, the face and body are also blue. 2.Non-cyanotic congenital heart disease: there are many kinds of non-cyanotic congenital heart disease, and the severity of the disease varies greatly, some can have little performance, and often not easily detected in the early stage; some are very serious, resulting in poor growth and development, wasting, frequent fever, pneumonia, and heart failure in the child. 3, Eisenmenger syndrome: If a child is born with normal color, wait until a few years old, a dozen years old or adults later (mostly around 20-30 years old) gradually appear cyanosis, we call it first red and then purple type, may be left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease (such as ventricular defect, ductus arteriosus, etc.) developed into a right-to-left shunt disease, has formed a serious pulmonary hypertension, medically known as Eisenmenger syndrome, which is a severe stage of congenital heart disease, when the time for surgery has been lost. Congenital heart disease can affect a person’s whole life Congenital heart disease is present at birth and can be said to affect a person’s whole life. Not only after birth, but in fact, many of the miscarriages of some pregnant women are due to the possible poor development of the fetal heart. Some severely affected children die shortly after birth, mainly because of their hemodynamics, which do not conform to normal physiology. Surviving patients, with the exception of isolated cases where the effects are mild and they can live as normal, in most cases have varying, if not extremely serious, effects on these patients: the children may have poor growth and development, be prone to infections, bacterial endocarditis and cardiac insufficiency; common left-to-right shunt disease is mainly due to excessive blood flow and pulmonary hypertension leading to resistance pulmonary hypertension, resulting in lung damage , i.e., Eisenmenger’s syndrome. Therefore, congenital heart disease seriously endangers the healthy growth and life study of adolescents, some of them cannot live to adulthood, and some of them cannot work normally even though they can live to adulthood, which brings great burden to families and society. Many patients who are working and studying cannot contribute to society, and in more serious cases, their life expectancy will be affected, leaving lifelong regrets to their loved ones. Not all people suffering from congenital heart disease need surgery First of all, they should visit the cardiothoracic surgery department of regular hospitals. Generally, only a simple physical examination is needed to diagnose the presence of congenital heart disease, and if combined with the necessary instrumentation and equipment, the patient’s condition will be diagnosed in detail. In addition, professionals can not only diagnose heart disorders, but also give reasonable treatment recommendations. Most congenital heart diseases require surgical correction because the heart is not structurally the same as the average person’s heart, or because the deformity is so severe that it cannot be repaired to look like a normal heart, but is repaired so that it functions as a normal heart to carry oxygen and nutrients.