A team led by Professor Liu Xu from the Department of Cardiology, Chest Hospital, based on these years of clinical treatment of ? A review of catheter ablation has been compiled from the experience of atrial fibrillation: catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in China has been used in clinical practice for more than 15 years, which is really a blink of an eye, and time has passed really fast. The development of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in China over the past 15 years can be broadly divided into three phases. The first stage, prior to 2007, was to select patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; the second stage: after 2007, only a few centers began to perform ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation, and our center was one of them. The procedure at that time was just electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins followed by electrical resuscitation. The success rate was at a lower level. In 2007, our center was the first in China to propose that catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was a “thing of the past”; in the third stage, after 2010, more and more centers started to perform catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation. The success rate has been further improved. In 2013, our center published the “ccL” ablation procedure internationally and took the lead in proposing that catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation has become a “thing of the past”. In 2013, our center published the “ccl” ablation procedure internationally, and was the first to suggest that catheter ablation of persistent AF is a “thing of the past”.