Normal men and women do not become incontinent when coughing because when coughing, although there is a sudden increase in bladder and abdominal pressure, there is no leakage because the pressure is also transmitted to the urethral sphincter, which has a pubic urethral ligament, which also follows the contraction and creates additional pressure on the urethra, so normal people do not leak when coughing, exercising or running. If the bladder capacity is too small and the pressure is too high and exceeds the control ability of the ligament, coughing will lead to leakage of urine. Even if the bladder pressure is not high, if the pubourethral ligament is lax and the force of coughing is insufficient, it will produce leakage. Therefore, a normal cough will not cause leakage, but a violent cough will cause leakage if the urethra is flaccid or if the bladder pressure is high. It is important to avoid coughing violently because coughing can damage the urethra and bladder, and the bladder and urethra cannot withstand violent and continuous coughing. Therefore, if coughing is too frequent, it is important to treat the symptoms and reduce coughing, otherwise it will cause damage.