From the pathophysiological point of view, the kidney is undoubtedly an important organ for blood pressure regulation and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. When hypertension is combined with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the antihypertensive strategy should emphasize the protection of the kidney. In the past practice of hypertension prevention and treatment, doctors have long focused only on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, often neglecting or not paying enough attention to the protection of the kidneys. Although antihypertensive therapy is inherently renoprotective, there have been significant advances in the protection of target organ damage by antihypertensive drugs as research on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) continues to progress and new drugs are introduced. Many hypertension guidelines are beginning to focus on the protection of the kidney. Clinical studies have also confirmed that once hypertension has been combined with chronic kidney disease, a vicious circle is formed between hypertension (either primary or secondary, especially renal hypertension and diabetic nephropathy) and chronic kidney disease, and a continuum is formed between kidney disease and cardiovascular disease, with increased risk to each other.