Diffuse enlargement refers to the uniform enlargement of both sides of the thyroid gland, which is usually not a tumor, while limited enlargement is often due to a tumor growing on the thyroid gland. Therefore, when you find out that your thyroid gland is enlarged, you should first judge its shape and characteristics. Patients with thyroid pain should first determine the extent of their pain. Severe pain is usually due to various inflammatory thyroid conditions, such as acute suppurative thyroiditis subacute thyroiditis, both of which must be treated promptly. Mild pain is not specific, as many thyroid disorders can cause this symptom, and a formal examination is required to confirm the diagnosis. Examination: Internal palpation to check whether the swelling in the neck is of thyroid origin. Laboratory tests to identify abnormalities in thyroid function and to help clarify the nature of the thyroid swelling. Examination items: fine needle aspiration pathology of the swelling to clarify the nature of the thyroid swelling. Examination items: ultrasonography of the thyroid gland to detect the shape, size, number and position of the thyroid mass in relation to the carotid sheath; to determine whether the mass is cystic or solid; to clarify the condition of the lymph nodes in the neck. Examination items: frontal and lateral X-ray of the neck to understand the extent of the tumor, different calcified images and the relationship with the trachea and esophagus. Examination items: CT and MRI examination of the neck can clearly show the size and shape of thyroid tumor and its relationship with trachea, esophagus, blood vessels and even nerves, which can fully clarify the scope of cancer invasion and provide scientific basis for surgery.