Eight years, Hangzhou’s Wang Da-ma always feel back pain, but also many times to get kidney stones, has not been able to find the cause, did not expect to be suffering from parathyroid tumor. Ding Jinwang, an attending physician of the Department of Surgical Oncology of the First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, said that next to each person’s thyroid gland, there are generally four parathyroid glands the size of a grain of rice. Once the parathyroid gland grows a tumor, it will lead to elevated blood calcium, osteoporosis, recurrent urinary stones, etc., and in severe cases, it will lead to bone fracture, kidney failure and even uremia. Once the public found elevated blood calcium, repeated urinary stones, must pay attention. Repeated double kidney stones can not find the cause of 78-year-old Wang Aunt lives in Hangzhou City South, is a retired employee. Since her retirement, Wang’s body has been a small disease and pain, but also suffers from diabetes for many years. Especially in the past seven or eight years, she always felt back pain, but also often feel joint pain, to the hospital examination, found that Auntie Wang has osteoporosis symptoms. The doctor told her that osteoporosis is a common disease among the elderly and that she should strengthen her nutrition and take more calcium supplements. Not only that, Auntie Wang’s kidneys were also abnormal, and she had suffered from kidney stones several times in recent years. Each time, she went to the hospital for extracorporeal lithotripsy treatment, but not long after she went for a medical checkup, she found that stones had grown back in her kidneys. In these years, Wang became a hospital “frequent visitor”, every time the body is not comfortable, it is bouncing around the hospital departments, but never found a specific reason. Not long ago, Wang suddenly appeared the symptoms of blood in the urine, the color was bright red, and accompanied by urinary pain, frequent urination symptoms. Family members were shocked to learn of this, and accompanied her to Hangzhou First Hospital for an ultrasound, which showed that Wang’s bilateral ureters were filled with stones and hydronephrosis. Later, she underwent ureteral endoscopic stone removal surgery, and her symptoms were gradually relieved. One month later, Wang went to the hospital for a follow-up examination, but unexpectedly found that the hemorrhagic calcium index was high, and the parathyroid hormone index was also seriously over the limit. Normal people’s parathyroid hormone index is between 7 and 53ng/L, while Wang’s index is as high as 225ng/L, exceeding the standard several times. Parathyroid tumors are more common in women than in men. Blood calcium is elevated, and parathyroid hormone indicators are also elevated, in the end, what kind of disease is it? The doctor did a neck ultrasound and neck CT for Auntie Wang, and from the image report, Auntie Wang had a small nodule under her left thyroid, and then did further examination, and was finally diagnosed with parathyroid tumor. “There are usually four parathyroid glands, each the size of a grain of rice. They are oval or flat oval in shape, yellow, brownish yellow or yellowish brown in appearance, and are mainly distributed in the posterior medial region of the thyroid gland.” Dinh Jinwang, attending physician of the Department of Surgical Oncology at HCM City First Hospital, said that parathyroid tumors are a special kind of endocrine system tumors, which mainly secrete parathyroid hormone. The clinical incidence is low, but the incidence has been gradually rising in recent years. It is reported that the disease can occur at any age, generally more common in 20 to 50 years old, more women than men, about 2-3:1. It is understood that the pathological types of parathyroid tumors can be divided into: parathyroid adenomas, parathyroid cysts and parathyroid carcinoma. Except for non-functional parathyroid cysts, most of them can cause hyperparathyroidism. Among the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, 85% of the cases are single parathyroid adenoma, 5% are multiple parathyroid adenoma, 10% are parathyroid hyperplasia, and parathyroid carcinoma accounts for less than 1%. Ding Jinwang, attending physician of Hangzhou First Hospital Surgical Oncology Department, said that according to statistics, in the past four years, the number of cases of parathyroid tumors admitted to the Surgical Oncology Department of Hangzhou First Hospital was 20 cases, 17 cases of female patients, 3 cases of male patients, of which there was only 1 case of parathyroid cancer, and the rest of them were benign. The main function of parathyroid glands is to increase the concentration of plasma calcium ions, and its main target organs are bone and kidney. It will allow the calcium in the bone to dissolve and enter the bloodstream, which will result in a large loss of calcium from the bones, leading to osteoporosis. At the same time, it will also promote the absorption of calcium ions and the excretion of phosphate in the renal tubules, so that the blood calcium concentration increases and the blood phosphorus concentration decreases, and recurrent urinary stones occur. Dr. Ding Jinwang said that if you suffer from parathyroid tumor without timely treatment, it will lead to osteoporosis, bone fracture, recurring urinary stones, peptic ulcers, etc., and in serious cases, it will even lead to kidney failure. “Parathyroid tumors are often easily misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to their clinical rarity and the complexity and variability of the symptoms they cause, and the general public and clinicians lack sufficient knowledge about them.” Dr. Ding Jinwang said. Patients with parathyroid tumor often have some clues, such as unexplained generalized aches and pains, fatigue and weakness or joint pains; recurrent urinary stones; recurrent constipation, abdominal distension, poor appetite and peptic ulcers; elevated blood calcium; bone mineral density significantly lower than that of people of the same gender and age; unexplained abnormal mental activities, such as emotional indifference or irritability; long-term renal insufficiency; and history of endocrine system tumors, such as thyroid, adrenal or pituitary gland. history of endocrine tumors such as thyroid, adrenal or pituitary. If any of the above conditions are present or exist, attention should be drawn to them. In particular, elevated blood calcium and recurrent urinary stones should be promptly examined in the hospital. “Surgical resection, at present, is still the main treatment for parathyroid tumors.” Dr. Ding said that the prognosis of parathyroid tumors is generally better, and the recurrence rate is relatively low after surgical resection of benign victorious tumors, while the five-year survival rate of parathyroid cancer is reported to be 40% to 86%, and the ten-year survival rate is 49% to 67.8%, therefore, early detection and early radical surgery are still the most important means to improve the prognosis of parathyroid cancer.