Since recent years, the proportion of kidney diseases has been increasing. According to incomplete statistics, the current prevalence of kidney disease among adults in China is 8%-10%, while the proportion is higher abroad. With the development of China’s socio-economic level and the improvement of people’s living standard, the disease spectrum of kidney diseases has also changed. Epidemiological surveys in recent years suggest that although the etiological composition of patients with kidney diseases in China is still dominated by primary glomerulonephritis, the proportion of secondary kidney diseases caused by diabetes, hypertension, gout, systemic lupus erythematosus, malignant tumors and other diseases is increasing year by year. Some experts predict that, similar to the current disease spectrum in developed countries represented by the United States, secondary kidney diseases will become the most important cause of uremic patients in China in the near future. Unlike primary kidney disease, secondary kidney disease has a cause and can be prevented and treated early. Take hypertensive nephropathy as an example, it often takes 10 years or even longer after the first diagnosis of hypertension before kidney damage occurs. And the length of this time depends on whether the blood pressure is strictly controlled or not. There are quite a number of patients who still have quite satisfactory kidney function more than ten or even twenty years after the diagnosis of hypertension due to strict blood pressure control under the guidance of specialists. Even if there is already renal impairment, due to timely detection and proper adjustment of medication, good results have been obtained. There are some patients, however, who take an indifferent attitude towards blood pressure control, are overconfident about their own health, turn a deaf ear to the doctor’s advice, and do not take their medication and follow up regularly. Often within a few years, nausea, loss of appetite, increased nocturia and other symptoms of renal impairment, and then come to the doctor, it is too late, it is really deplorable. Another heavyweight killer that causes secondary kidney disease is diabetes. In developed countries and regions such as Europe and the United States, diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of uremia because the incidence of diabetes is increasing year by year, acute complications are decreasing, and patients are surviving longer. In the United States in recent years, 40-50% of newly diagnosed uremic patients are diabetic nephropathy, and the proportion of diabetic nephropathy among uremic patients in Japan and Taiwan Province of China is nearly 30%, compared to less than 10% in China at present. Recent statistics suggest that the total number of diabetic patients in China is over 40 million, and this number is increasing every day. It is foreseeable that the peak of diabetes incidence in China is coming, and the proportion of diabetic nephropathy is bound to increase gradually. Its incidence is related to the duration of diabetes, genetic factors, the level of diabetes control, combined with hypertension or not, smoking status, etc., especially the duration of the disease and blood sugar control. Large-scale clinical trials abroad have fully demonstrated that strict control of blood glucose at near-normal levels can significantly reduce the incidence and delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy. This has long been the consensus of all endocrinologists and nephrologists around the world. At present, in China, the glycemic control of diabetic patients is not satisfactory for various reasons, and the follow-up of chronic complications is worrying. Lack of scientific guidance on dietary control, blind faith in some proprietary Chinese medicines and “folk recipes”, refusal to use insulin, and inability to regularly evaluate complications ……, these problems have become the current glycemic control of diabetic patients in China. “bottleneck”. The practices of diet control, regular visits under the guidance of endocrinologists and nephrologists, controlling blood glucose as close to normal as possible, and regular evaluation of renal lesions should be strongly advocated. In conclusion, early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of secondary kidney diseases such as hypertensive nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy are fully achievable. And the value of this to patients’ health and quality of life is self-evident. It is for this reason that nephrologists will also do their best to protect your health.