Thyroxine is synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland and has extremely important physiological functions. Thyroid hormones play an important role in the body’s thermoregulation as well as in metabolism, growth and development. Common disorders of thyroid hormones include hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism, referred to as hyperthyroidism, is a thyrotoxicosis caused by the overproduction of thyroid hormones. Patients may suffer from agitation, irritability, insomnia, hyperphagia, malnutrition, weight loss, etc. Because thyroid hormones promote the metabolism of nutrients such as fat and protein in the body, the body’s heat production and dissipation increases significantly, and the basal metabolic rate increases abnormally. Insufficient thyroid hormone production is usually caused by a lack of iodine in the body or a lack of functional thyroid tissue after iodine 131 treatment or thyroid surgery. Patients with insufficient thyroid hormone secretion usually have clinical manifestations such as dry, rough skin, thinning hair, drowsiness, fatigue, unresponsiveness, weight gain, and poor memory. Therefore, high or low thyroid hormones can cause clinical syndromes to the body caused by excitement or decline in the metabolic activities of the body and the functions of various systems, so it is important to go to the hospital in time to identify the causes and standardize the treatment.