Biliary atresia is a serious hepatobiliary disease that occurs in the neonatal period. Previously, the mortality rate without surgical treatment was 100%. In the 1970s, Professor Kasai first proposed a procedure to maintain the biliary drainage function of the liver through hepatic portal reconstruction using small intrahepatic compensatory hyperplastic bile ducts. This procedure has been widely used in clinical practice and has led to a radical improvement in the long-term autologous liver survival rate in children with biliary atresia. It has saved the lives of a significant number of children with biliary atresia. Therefore, both for clinical staff and parents of patients, the pessimistic view of the disease needs to be reversed. Clinical practice in China over the years has demonstrated that early biliary exploration for a clear diagnosis and radical surgery in newborns presenting with obstructive jaundice is the key to determining the degree of recovery of the child after surgery. This is the fundamental reason why we are now actively promoting biliary exploration. As in the above-mentioned child, laparoscopic biliary exploration and radical biliary atresia were performed after more than 2 weeks of conservative treatment for postnatal obstructive jaundice had failed.