Biliary atresia is the most common cause of neonatal cholestasis and is characterized by complete fibrotic obstruction of part or all of the extrahepatic biliary tract occurring within the first 3 months of life. The disease is one of the more difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis, with an average survival of less than 1 year without treatment. Typical cases of biliary atresia: Infants are born at term and are often regarded as normal by parents and physicians at 1-2 weeks after birth, with most having no abnormalities and normal-colored stools. Jaundice is usually revealed gradually at 2-3 weeks after birth, with stools becoming brownish-yellow, yellowish, or beige, and later becoming a bile-free, clay-like grayish-white color, and the abdomen is often abnormally distended. Timely diagnosis and early surgery are crucial to the outcome of biliary atresia, which is best operated on in the 6th-10th week after birth. After 3 months of age, liver damage is irreversible and cirrhosis progresses rapidly, making surgery ineffective.