Nowadays, there are many people who do not know much about radiotherapy for tumors and are afraid when chemotherapy is mentioned. It seems that chemotherapy is a kind of treatment method that people are afraid of. Especially, some materials that promote “ancestral anti-cancer” even describe chemotherapy as “pouring poison into the patient’s body”. In fact, this is a kind of misunderstanding and prejudice about chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is a kind of treatment that uses chemical drugs to kill tumor cells and inhibit the growth and reproduction of tumor cells, and it is a systemic treatment that can treat primary foci, metastases and subclinical metastases. Chemotherapy is one of the main treatment methods for tumors as well as surgery and radiotherapy. Is chemotherapy painful? The answer is certainly no. Humans have been using chemotherapy to treat tumors for more than 60 years, and chemotherapy drugs have changed dramatically so far. There are three most important changes: the toxic side effects have been significantly reduced, the efficacy has been greatly improved, and the range of tumors treated has become more extensive. Especially now, with the improvement of chemotherapy drugs, the toxic side effects have been significantly reduced, making more patients able to receive chemotherapy. The most common reaction to chemotherapy is gastrointestinal reaction. Many patients are nervous as soon as they hear about chemotherapy, “that will make them vomit violently, and they will vomit out all their bile”. In fact, there are now many antiemetic drugs for chemotherapy, and generally as long as appropriate antiemetic and stomach protection drugs are used, very few people will have violent vomiting, and the majority of patients can tolerate it. And now there are many new drugs that do not cause serious irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, such as “gemcitabine” and “oxaliplatin”, etc. Another serious side effect of chemotherapy is myelosuppression, i.e. the reduction of white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells, which is the most serious toxic side effect of chemotherapy drugs. However, there are many new drugs for myelosuppression and they are more effective. Nowadays, although we often meet many patients with myelosuppression, the blood image will return to normal after using the corresponding blood-raising drugs, so we rarely see serious consequences due to myelosuppression. Hair loss is the most unwanted side effect for many women, but only a small percentage of chemotherapy drugs can cause hair loss, and hair loss is only a temporary phenomenon, and a healthy head of hair will be restored soon after chemotherapy is finished. The reactions like liver and kidney function damage, phlebitis, cardiopulmonary function damage, peripheral neuritis, etc. are relatively mild and will not lead to serious consequences as long as oncologists use the drugs reasonably and take appropriate symptomatic measures.