Breast cancer, which has never been the exclusive preserve of women, is estimated to have killed 410 men in 2013 in the United States, as 2,240 men developed invasive breast cancer (the main type of breast cancer). Overall, men with breast cancers (MBCs) typically have larger tumors and are more likely to invade the lymphatic system than women. Recently, Natalie Swergold, School of Medicine, Saint George’s University, Grenada, West Indies, reviewed the available literature on the subject with the aim of providing screening recommendations for high-risk populations in an article published in the English-language journal Surgical Science, a scientific research publisher ( Surgical Science) in its July 2014 issue. The authors conducted a comprehensive search of the relevant literature between 1982 C and 2013, with a particular focus on genes, epidemiological risk factors, and MBC screening. Search terms included “male breast cancer risk factors,” “male breast cancer epidemiology,” “male breast cancer epidemiology,” “male breast cancer epidemiology,” and “male breast cancer epidemiology. “, “male breast cancer genetics”, and “male breast cancer genetics”, involving 34 studies with 4865819 patients. Five studies (N = 327667) focused on family history of breast cancer as a risk factor for male breast cancer. 15% – 20% of men with breast cancer had a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer in the family history increased the risk of breast cancer in men by 2-3 times. Seventeen studies (N = 5451) analyzed the association between several genes and male breast cancer. The risk of male breast cancer was 1% – 5% for BRCA1 mutation carriers and 4% – 40% higher for BRCA2 mutation carriers, and the association between male breast cancer and PALB2, androgen receptor gene, CYP17, and CHEK2 is unclear. Five studies (N = 16667) investigated occupational risk factors associated with male breast cancer, and men working in cosmetics manufacturing and automotive manufacturing had an 8-fold increased risk of developing male breast cancer. Eleven studies (N = 4843598) analyzed abnormal estrogen ratios and risk factors for male breast cancer, including hypospadias (relative risk, RR = 29.64), obesity (RR = 1.98), orchitis or epididymitis (RR = 1.84), and gynecomastia (RR = 5.86) all increased the risk of male breast cancer. In conclusion, routine screening for male breast cancer should consider all high-risk male populations, including those with a prior history of breast cancer, family history (defined as mother or sister), BRCA2 mutation (regardless of family history), diagnosis of fine seminiferous duct hypoplasia, chemical or motor vehicle industries. BRCA2 genetic testing should be recommended for all male breast cancer patients. Increased public and physician education is necessary to raise awareness of this rare disease and the need for screening in high-risk groups.