Fatty liver, a very familiar disease, is also a disease often ignored by the public. Once upon a time, in those days when material living conditions were tight, it was even enviable for anyone with a fat body and a thick belly to have a fatty liver once detected. In fact, fatty liver is not a benign prognosis of the disease, as well as may cause liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer and other adverse consequences. Strictly speaking, what we usually call fatty liver is medically standardized as “fatty liver disease”, which is clinically classified into “alcoholic fatty liver disease” and “non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” according to the history of excessive alcohol consumption. The two types are “alcoholic fatty liver disease” and “non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has become the number one chronic liver disease in developed countries in Europe and the United States and affluent regions in China, and the population with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China is second only to hepatitis B patients. Epidemiological surveys show that 20% of the normal population and 50%-100% of the overweight or obese population have NAFLD, and this population is likely to increase because of the continued rise of the obese population. It is a serious threat to people’s health, and people often do not pay enough attention to it. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is divided into 3 different stages according to its development: namely, simple fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and fatty liver-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. At the same time, fatty liver is often associated with the development of obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and hypertension. Since fatty liver is so dangerous, how can it be treated? The current “gold standard” of treatment for fatty liver remains weight loss or reduction of central obesity, which includes a combination of diet control and exercise. In layman’s terms, this means “keep your mouth shut and your legs open”, i.e., a low-calorie diet combined with exercise. Studies have shown that a 3-5% weight loss can improve liver steatosis, with a 40% fat regression rate, and up to 97% fat regression in those with a 10% weight loss or more. This shows how important lifestyle is. Secondly, abstinence from alcohol in patients with fatty liver is a must. Bariatric surgery is effective and necessary for patients with lifestyle interventions for weight loss, especially for obese patients with a body mass index [BMI = weight (Kg) ÷ height (m)2] ≥ 40 Kg/m2 or ≥ 35 Kg/m2 with co-morbidities. Meanwhile, Chinese medicine weight loss methods such as acupuncture and massage and tui-na are also good choices. When it comes to medication, there is no particularly effective one. Bisglycidone and vitamin E are the treatment drugs recommended by major global treatment guidelines, as well as metformin, silymarin, phosphatidylcholine and other drugs. Chinese herbal medicine, on the other hand, can only have unique efficacy and advantages in the treatment of fatty liver. We apply herbal teas, herbal tonics or Chinese patent medicines in clinical practice, often obtaining efficacy that cannot be matched by western drugs.