Is the incidence of bladder tumor high? Bladder tumor is a common urological tumor, which is more common in men than in women, about 4:1. Smoking and hair dyeing are currently recognized as risk factors for bladder cancer. What are the early signs of bladder tumor? The earliest sign of bladder tumor is hematuria. The tumor invades the bladder mucosa, causing small blood vessels to destroy and bleed, making the urine mixed with blood and showing hematuria. Usually the whole urine is as red or light pink, but there is no painful discomfort, so it is called painless hematuria. Hematuria can be intermittent, with intervals varying in length, from a few weeks to several months. It should be noted that the severity of hematuria is not directly proportional to the size of the tumor. Large tumors do not necessarily have more blood in urine, but on the contrary, small tumors can also cause large amount of hematuria. Therefore, if you find blood in urine, you should be alerted and go to urology department for examination as soon as possible, so that early diagnosis can have good consequences. What are the treatment methods for bladder tumor? Surgery is the main treatment. The most appropriate surgical method should be chosen according to the pathology of the tumor and combined with the patient’s general condition. Most of the bladder tumors are metastatic cell carcinoma, and 75C85% of the initial patients are in early stage, and their scope is mostly confined to the bladder mucosal layer or submucosal tissue, and grow into the bladder cavity. Nowadays, electrodesiccation, laser, etc. are commonly used. For larger, multiple, recurrent tumors, tumors with higher pathological grade or tumors growing infiltratively outside the bladder wall, and some other types of tumors such as squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, total cystectomy should be performed. What are the results of bladder tumor treatment? For various surgical treatments with preserved bladder, more than half of the tumors will recur within 2 years despite the high concentration of chemotherapeutic drug infusion in the bladder, but it is still possible to cure the tumor after recurrence; plus about 10-15% have a tendency of increasing malignancy, so patients should be closely followed up after any surgery with preserved bladder. The 5-year survival rate for patients with total bladder resection is 16%-48%, mostly related to the depth of tumor infiltration at the time of surgery and the patient’s own immunity. Why is cystoscopy performed? Cystoscopy can provide insight into the bladder mucosa, such as ulcers, defects, neoplasia, etc., and of course the site, size, and shape of the neoplasia, finding lesions as small as 2 mm, while modern non-invasive imaging techniques indicate lesions often exceeding 5 mm. Since bladder tumors have the characteristic of easy recurrence, cystoscopy can detect smaller lesions and facilitate timely treatment. For patients with superficial bladder tumors, cystoscopy is usually required every 3 months after surgery for at least 2 years. The current treatment status of bladder tumor in our hospital At present, our hospital carries out various methods to treat bladder tumor. For superficial bladder tumor, we mainly use intracavitary technology to remove local tumor lesions, including plasma electrodes, 2 micron laser and other technologies, especially 2 micron laser technology is the world’s leading intracavitary treatment technology, which has the advantages of less bleeding, shorter operation time and faster postoperative recovery. Since the introduction of the 2-micron laser in 2008, we have successfully treated more than 300 cases of superficial bladder tumors. For infiltrative bladder tumors after removal of the bladder, a variety of urinary drainage methods are applied, including ureteral skin fistula, ileal output tract, in situ neobladder, ileal controlled output tract and other techniques, and reasonable reconstruction methods are chosen according to the actual situation of the patient.