Precautions during hospitalization for total knee surface replacement
[Daily precautions
1. Insist on frequent ankle extension and flexion exercises (maximum upward hooking of the foot and insist on it for 5 seconds, then relax, that is, 1 time): 10 to 20 times/hour can promote blood circulation in the lower limbs and reduce the possibility of thrombotic diseases. Early foot and ankle exercise, drinking more water and doing deep breathing diligently can reduce the risk of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in the lower limbs; patients who cannot move by themselves can be helped by family members to squeeze the muscles at the back of the calf instead.
2. Local breakage of skin and mucous membrane, inflammation, boils, acute pharyngeal and oral inflammation or wound excipient soaking should be notified to the doctor in charge or the doctor on duty in time to avoid secondary intra-articular infection.
About walking on the ground
1.If there is no obvious pain or discomfort, the patient can be guided by the doctor to stand and walk a short distance the next day after surgery;
2, 7 days after surgery, the bed activity is limited to short distance walking such as going to the bathroom to avoid joint swelling and pain;
3.If the swelling of the limb is significantly reduced after 7 days, you can increase the walking distance by about 1/4 to 1/3 every day, do not venture!
4, note that after each walk it is appropriate to shake the end of the bed for more than half an hour to elevate the lower limbs to avoid swelling; do not walk out of bed as a means of functional exercise, do not overdo it! If there is swelling and pain in the lower limbs, it is advisable to reduce the activity and notify the doctor in charge or the doctor on duty if necessary.
Strength exercises
1, quadriceps (the next day after surgery to start practice): supine position, foot and lower limb vertical, try to keep the lower limb completely straight to do upward leg lifting action, adhere to about 10 seconds and then relax. If the lower limb can be lifted off the bed after the strength is gradually strengthened, the heel of the foot is kept at a distance of two fists from the bed and insisted for about 10 seconds. Early postoperative 3 groups per day, each group of 30-50 times or so.
2, medial femoral muscle: about 10cm high cushion below the knee to make the lower limb slightly bent, knee downward pressure under the knee cushion while trying to make the lower limb straight, each time adhere to about 10 seconds, 3 groups per day, 30 times per group. Later can gradually increase to about 300 times a day (i.e. 10 groups).
Knee flexion exercises]
1, 3-5 times a day sit on the edge of the bed, legs down, with the healthy side of the foot placed behind the affected ankle protection at the same time. Bend the knee on the affected side as much as possible to the point of feeling pain, and do not hold it for more than 5 minutes. This exercise should not be too frequent and each duration should not be too long, otherwise it will affect the wound healing.
2. From 7 days after surgery, the knee flexion exercise should be assisted by a chaperone: the patient should remain in a supine position, the assistant should sit sideways on the patient’s side of the bed, hold and protect the knee with one hand and hold the patient’s ankle on the affected side with the other hand, and gradually flex the patient’s knee until it stops when pain is felt, and hold it for 5 minutes. 3 to 5 times a day. Do not overdo it! To avoid affecting wound healing;
3, note Each time before bending the leg local appropriate hot compress 3 ~ 5 minutes (the first 7-10 days after surgery should not be hot compress), after bending the leg should be local ice for about 20 minutes.
Knee straightening exercises]
1, lower limb straight, heel pillow. Make the lower limb and the knee completely suspended. Press the knee joint straight by the knee’s own gravity. One time in the morning and one time in the evening, about 30 minutes each time.
2.Lower limbs straight, maintain neutral position, family members help to press the leg for 10 minutes, 3 to 5 times a day. The tiger’s mouth of both hands are placed above and below the wound. Press the patient’s knee joint straight with even and gradual downward gentle force, avoiding excessive force! After pressing the leg, it is appropriate that the fingers are difficult to insert between the knee and the bed from below the knee.
3. Attention: Do not overdo it! If you feel severe pain behind the knee or numbness of the toes during the exercise, stop the exercise.