Syringomyelia is usually not self-absorbing, especially for children. It is mostly due to congenital non-closure of the sphincter, when the exudate from the abdominal cavity enters the sphincter cavity and produces effusion, which is not self-absorbing and requires surgical treatment to achieve a completely cured state. In adults, syringomyelia is often caused by trauma or infection, and is often due to an imbalance in the secretion and absorption of the sphincter, resulting in an increased amount of fluid. After medication is administered during the acute infection period, the exudate decreases and the syringomyelia returns to normal. However, exudate that occurs during chronic infection or after trauma is not self-absorbing and may persist for a long time. For patients whose quality of life is not affected, regular observation and follow-up can be performed. However, for patients with a large amount of effusion that affects normal life, surgical treatment is recommended to aspirate the effusion from the sphincter cavity and to remove the dirty layer of the sphincter and the wall layer to prevent the recurrence of sphingomyelia.