Leukocyte esterase 1+, properly written clinically as leukocyte esterase (+), is a positive leukocyte esterase test result. It is generally common in clinical routine urine tests or in female vaginal discharge tests, and should normally be negative (-). However, regardless of the test, a result suggestive of (+) indicates the presence of leukocytes in the specimen tested, but is not serious. It is common for clinical reasons, for example, a woman may have a result suggestive of (+) if the test is performed during or around her menstrual period, and also if medications are being taken, or if there is contamination of the urine specimen, etc. Leukocyte esterase (+) also indicates the possible presence of urinary tract infection and inflammation. If the test specimen suggests leukocyte esterase (+), it is generally considered to be bacteria from the genitourinary tract and usually indicates the possibility of a urinary tract infection in the organism. However, the diagnosis cannot be made definitively with a leukocyte esterase (+) alone, and requires a combination of the patient’s symptoms and signs, as well as blood tests, urine bacteriology, and imaging tests. If only the tests simply suggest the presence of abnormalities and the patient has no other complicating symptoms, usually no special treatment is needed if attention is paid to maintaining good hygiene habits, drinking more water and urinating more often. However, if there is leukocyte esterase (+) in urine routine or vaginal discharge examination, and accompanied by urinary tract irritation symptoms such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, and even discomfort such as back pain and fever, it is necessary to make a clear diagnosis in a timely manner, and if the presence of infection is confirmed, a full course of anti-infection treatment should be given, and oral medications such as ofloxacin, norfloxacin and cefuroxime can be taken as prescribed by the doctor, and regular review should be done to clarify the recovery situation. Urinary tract infections are common in women as well as middle-aged and elderly men, including pyelonephritis, ureteritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc. The prognosis is usually good with timely treatment throughout.