Xu Jing, Associate Chief Nurse Practitioner, Pain Department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Pain patients are one of the most common symptoms in the family, and are the first symptoms of many diseases, so every family member must have the necessary knowledge about pain. What is pain: Pain is the subjective feeling of the patient, a complex sensation produced by harmful stimuli acting on the body’s injury receptors, acting on the cerebral cortex through the afferent nerves, and through a complex process of analysis and synthesis. Pain can occur in all parts of the body and is often accompanied by unpleasant emotional activities such as tension and fear. Pain also belongs to the body’s defense reaction, which has important physiological significance to protect the body’s life activities. Tianjin First Center Hospital Pain Department Zheng Baosen pain causes: external causes: such as temperature, chemical stimulation, mechanical injury or other physical causes can cause pain. Internal causes: there are a variety of physiological diseases triggered by pain: such as a variety of neuralgia, visceral pain, bone, joint and soft tissue muscle pain and so on. Psychological factors: many psychological factors can trigger or aggravate pain. Anger, grief, fear, tension, etc. can cause local vasoconstriction or dilation and produce pain. Such as neurogenic migraine and some wandering neuralgia often caused by the above reasons. In addition, fatigue, lack of sleep, and overuse of the brain can cause functional headaches. Common pain at home includes pain caused by various diseases can be classified as benign or good pain, and also cancerous pain caused by tumors. Nursing care of chronic pain: psychological care includes: family members first comfort and encourage the patient’s emotional stability, provide the patient with a quiet environment to ensure adequate rest. At the same time, distract the patient’s attention and transfer the pain point, so that the patient can try to concentrate on entertainment, such as television, reading newspaper, chatting to distract attention. Eliminate the influence of medical origin. The words and behavior of family members can all play a suggestive role, and bad hints will aggravate the pain, and may even lead to the patient’s mental collapse and refusal of treatment. Removing triggers and treating symptoms: family members should care for patients on time, observe the changes of patients’ conditions, actively find out the causes of pain, make accurate assessment, and bring them to specialized hospitals for diagnosis and treatment in time when the pain symptoms worsen. For cancer pain patients with heavy pain, standardized medication and strengthened life care should be provided to effectively prevent the occurrence of pain. Keeping the bed unit neat and clean, turning over and massaging regularly to reduce the fatigue of patients can effectively prevent and reduce the pain symptoms. For postoperative patients and patients with cancer pain, regular and reasonable use of analgesic drugs is an effective way to relieve patients’ pain. At the same time, family caregivers should strengthen the education, close observation and timely treatment of nausea, vomiting, urinary retention and other side effects caused by the use of pain medication, which can be solved together with community doctors. Assist patients to use non-invasive pain relief measures to improve the quality of life, including: relaxation method: can be used deep breathing method, muscle relaxation method. Skin stimulation: depending on the location and nature of the pain, heat or cold therapy methods can be used. Physical therapy: phototherapy infrared, electrotherapy microwave and other methods can be used to relieve the patient’s pain. Acupuncture therapy: China’s traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture therapy, pain relief effect is remarkable, especially for the nervous system pain healing effect is more obvious.