With the change of lifestyle and westernization of diet, the incidence of colorectal cancer in China is increasing at a rate of 5% per year, especially in large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou, and it has become a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate.
Causes丨Why the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year
1.It is caused by the increase of fat diet and decrease of fiber diet. The increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in China’s cities in recent years is also related to the change in diet structure.
2.The relationship between environment and colorectal cancer is very close. Environmental factors include: lack of selenium in soil; the influence of schistosomiasis, which is also a high incidence area of colorectal cancer in China; smoking can easily cause colorectal cancer.
3. It is genetic factor. About 10% of colorectal cancer is related to genetic factors, so the offspring of patients diagnosed with familial colon polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer and sporadic hereditary colorectal cancer should be closely tracked and followed up. Also, some benign tumors of the large intestine called polyps should not be ignored. The actual people with long-term ulcerative colitis also have a greater chance of developing colorectal cancer.
Timely self-examination丨Five symptoms to be alert to colorectal cancer
1. Change in stool habit. Increased number of stools or constipation, or alternating constipation and diarrhea.
2. Blood in stool. This is one of the early symptoms of colorectal cancer, but the time and nature of blood in the stool varies among different parts of colorectal cancer. In the early stage, the amount is very little and there are fresh blood marks on the side of the stool strip. In a few patients, a larger amount of fresh blood in the form of drops is subsequently discharged after stooling.
3. Painful defecation. About 50% of rectal cancer patients have pain during defecation, the degree of which varies from mild to severe.
4.Abdominal pain or abdominal mass. Colorectal cancer is usually accompanied by abdominal pain because the tumor grows very large and blocks the intestinal canal; ascending colon cancer also more often presents abdominal masses.
The actual fact is that the actual person has a lot of time to get a lot of time to get a lot of money.
High-risk groups丨The following eight types of people should be checked early for prevention
1, people over 40 years old.
2, people with hemorrhoids and long-term blood in the stool.
3, immediate family members with a history of colorectal cancer.
4, have chronic diarrhea that lasts for more than 3 months.
5, have frequent constipation, black-blooded stools and mucus stools
6.Persons with chronic appendicitis, cholecystitis or who have had their appendix and gallbladder removed.
7.People with long-term mental depression and significant weight loss in the last three months
8, the risk of bowel cancer is higher in obese people than in those with normal weight.
Preventing colorectal cancer before it happens
1.Rationalize daily diet and change unhealthy habits. First of all, we should change the habit of meat and high-protein food as the “main food”. The first is to change the habit of meat and high-protein food as the main food. Eat less high-fat food, especially to control the intake of animal fat. High-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet produces more carcinogenic substances, which act on the colon for a long time and inevitably lead to an increased incidence of colorectal cancer. It is recommended to eat less or no foods rich in saturated fat and cholesterol, including: lard, butter, fatty meat, animal offal, fish roe, etc.; the daily intake of vegetable oil should be controlled at about 20-30 grams (about 2-3 tablespoons) per person; no or less fried foods; moderate consumption of foods containing unsaturated fatty acids, such as olive oil, tuna, etc.; supplement with 35 grams or more of fiber daily.
Eat more fiber-rich foods, such as konjac, soybeans and their products; eat more fresh vegetables and fruits to supplement carotene and vitamin C; eat walnuts, peanuts, dairy products, seafood, etc. in appropriate amounts to supplement vitamin E; pay attention to the intake of malt, fish, mushrooms and other foods rich in trace elements of selenium. In the main food, the proportion of coarse grains and mixed grains should be increased appropriately, not too fine and too refined.
2.Actively prevent and treat intestinal diseases. Prevention of various polyps, chronic enteritis (including ulcerative colitis), schistosomiasis, chronic dysentery, etc., for intestinal polyps should be dealt with early.
Colon polyps are divided into five categories, namely adenomatous polyps, septic polyps, inflammatory polyps, and misshapen polyps. Among them, adenomatous polyps are true neoplastic polyps, which are a kind of precancerous lesion of colon cancer. Therefore, when adenomas are found in the colon, they should be treated, removed and pathologically examined, preferably at the benign adenoma stage to prevent colorectal cancer. If not treated early, most adenomas will become
If not treated early, most adenomas will turn into colorectal cancer, and treatment will be more difficult. In addition, we should actively treat habitual constipation and keep the stool open.
3.Regular examination. High-risk groups of colorectal cancer, such as men over 40 years old, familial polyps, ulcerative colitis patients, chronic schistosomiasis patients and people with family history of colorectal cancer should be examined regularly. These people should be more alert to the signals and early symptoms of colorectal cancer, such as change in stool habit, alternating diarrhea and constipation, blood in stool or black stool, flattening and thinning of stool shape, etc.