We must be patient with patients’ diet, don’t settle for less food for fear of trouble, we must take good care of patients, if it is clicked, we can pat the waist to help spit out or swallow the food. Due to the lack of scientific knowledge of nutrition, there are often some incorrect ideas and practices on nutrition for esophageal cancer patients. For example, they worry that eating more or enriching nutrition will provide more nutrients for the growth of tumor, and some even let patients starve, trying to “starve” tumor cells to death, which are not based on science. On the contrary, many facts show that malnutrition is extremely detrimental to the treatment and recovery of patients, so we should pay attention to the diet and nutrition care of esophageal cancer patients. Some details of care for esophageal cancer patients should also be paid attention to. Drink a little salt water to rinse the mouth and esophagus after each meal to remove the accumulated food and mucus, so as to avoid the food residue staying in the mouth, leading to the growth and reproduction of bacteria and the formation of stomatitis; or to prevent the esophageal mucous membrane damage infection and edema. If the patient cannot gargle, family members should wipe the mouth and teeth with cotton balls dipped in saline or cold boiled water. As the condition remits and the general functional status improves, the patient should be encouraged to exercise properly, walk, walk slowly, play tai chi, do deep breathing, etc. The patient has progressive dysphagia, is increasingly thin, has poor tolerance for surgery, and lacks confidence in treatment. Therefore, the patient’s psychological state should be addressed with explanation, comfort and encouragement, and a fully trusting patient-nurse relationship should be established to make them happy to accept the surgery. For bone metastasis, the main symptom is pain, which affects the patient’s motor function and is not life-threatening in the short term. If anti-tumor treatment is not carried out, the condition will further develop and bone marrow metastasis, liver metastasis and brain metastasis will appear, and the life-threatening period will come. The matters that should be paid attention to in dietary care are: give intravenous nutrition during fasting, keep fluids flowing smoothly, and observe drug reactions. Within one week after esophageal and Penetrating surgery, the time of eating will be decided according to the recovery of gastrointestinal function and intraoperative anastomotic tension and blood supply. Starting from a small amount of water, liquid and semi-liquid diet with small and frequent meals. After colonic substitution of esophagus, the time of eating should be delayed appropriately. After gastroesophageal substitution, strengthen the diet education: small amount and many meals, avoid eating before sleeping or lying down, make sure to walk slowly after eating, or sit for half an hour to prevent reflux, trouser belt should not be tied too tightly, avoid having low head and bending action after eating. Give a high protein, high vitamin, low fat diet and observe for obstruction, pain, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. after eating. If symptoms are found the diet should be suspended. Closely observe the patient for chest tightness, dyspnea, choking, vomiting blood and changes in vital signs after feeding to prevent esophageal perforation or hemorrhage. Once the diagnosis of esophageal perforation or hemorrhage is confirmed, immediately fasting, water fasting, oxygen inhalation, closed chest drainage, prepare suction device, pneumonectomy bag to keep the airway open, and do all the resuscitation work. Rehydrate to correct water and electrolyte balance and provide sufficient heat. Early and effective anti-infection and high-dose hormone application are the keys to successful treatment. Because complete obstruction is often accompanied by local mucosal infection, which can aggravate edema, high-dose hormone is very effective in relieving local mucosal edema.