Internationally, infertility is defined as the inability to conceive and the inability to have a child; sterility is defined as the ability to conceive and the failure to have a child. For couples with normal reproductive function, infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after two years of marriage with normal sexual intercourse without contraception. The causes of infertility include organic lesions, endocrine factors, immune factors and mental factors. According to the authorities, pituitary factors account for 17.6% of female infertility and 31.5% of male infertility. What is the relationship between pituitary adenoma and female infertility? Prolactinomatous pituitary adenoma is the most common type of pituitary adenoma, mostly occurring during the reproductive years, and is an important cause of female infertility. The main pathological mechanism lies in interfering with the gonadal endocrine axis system (hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis) and inhibiting ovulation. 1. Excessive serum prolactin (PRL), through short feedback, causes hypothalamic dopamine hypermetabolism and insufficient relative secretion of sex hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), resulting in luteinizing hormone pulse secretion and impairment of the positive feedback mechanism of estrogen, leading to follicular dysplasia or loss of ovulatory function. 2. Increased PRL decreases the sensitivity of pituitary LHRH receptors and anterior pituitary nucleus estradiol receptors, resulting in decreased secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, leading to ovulation disorders. 3. High PRL directly inhibits the secretion of synthetic progesterone by ovarian cells and reduces the responsiveness of the ovaries to gonadotropins. Is pituitary adenoma related to male infertility? Clinical symptoms of pituitary adenoma include: excessive secretion of pituitary hormones causes a series of metabolic disorders and organ damage; tumor compression makes its other pituitary hormones low, causing low function of corresponding target glands; compression of surrounding tissue structures causes damage of corresponding functions. Among them, endocrine disorder can lead to hypogonadism. Hypogonadism is one of the early clinical manifestations of pituitary adenoma, mainly manifested as impotence and low libido in men. About 60% of patients can show these symptoms, but the actual situation is much higher than this number, because our country is traditionally very conservative about “sex”, and many people are reluctant to talk about it, thus delaying the diagnosis and treatment. Pituitary adenoma causes male hypogonadism mainly because: 1, pituitary tumor on the normal pituitary tissue structure of the compression and radiation treatment caused by the pituitary gland function, affecting the human hypothalamus – pituitary – gonadal axis, so that gonadotropin secretion is insufficient, further leading to hypogonadism. 2. Prolactin-type pituitary adenoma inhibits the release of gonadotropins by high prolactin in the blood, reduces pituitary responsiveness, and decreases testosterone production, resulting in symptoms of hypogonadism. Pituitary adenoma can lead to low thyroid function and slow down systemic metabolism, resulting in a lack of estrogen and androgen in the body. 4, adrenocorticotropic hormone and growth hormone pituitary adenoma patients caused by obesity is also one of the causes of hypogonadism.