How to understand the risk factors of coronary heart disease

  Coronary heart disease is a type of disease caused by ischemia and necrosis in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart due to stenosis.  The main component of coronary plaque is fat. At a body temperature of 37 degrees, the fat-rich atherosclerotic plaque is mobile or semi-mobile, and when certain changes (diastolic response, temperature change, exertion, inflammation, etc.) occur in the segments of the blood vessels with atherosclerotic lesions, the walls of the vessels surrounding these fatty plaques will rupture and bleed locally, and the body will automatically mobilize The body automatically mobilizes the hemostatic system and forms a thrombus at the site of the rupture (the same process that is used in everyday life to stop bleeding in the hands and feet). This short-lived formation of a thrombus in a blood vessel can cause a dramatic reduction in the lumen or even complete occlusion of the lumen, which can lead to a significant reduction or interruption of blood flow in the area of blood supply and can be dangerous.  The disease begins in adolescence and there are two main outcomes that occur during the onset and progression of this lesion: one is the progressive shrinking of the lumen due to the increasing size of the plaque, which eventually leads to occlusion (chronic occlusion); the other is the sudden rupture, hemorrhage and thrombosis of the plaque during the 20-30 years (usually more than 40 years) of its growth after birth. The former generally has a good prognosis, while the latter mostly results in serious clinical events and consequences. Unfortunately, there is a lack of means and methods to accurately distinguish plaque development trends in clinical practice.  To date, the exact cause of coronary artery disease is still unknown, and a cure cannot yet be found, as in the case of pneumonia and other diseases. Of course, medical research has also found that there are various conditions that are likely to cause the clinical prevalence of coronary heart disease, such as: hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, peripheral vascular disease, familial coronary heart disease, smoking, obesity, high-fat diet, lack of exercise, etc. However, one or more of these conditions may cause coronary heart disease. But with one or more of these conditions, coronary heart disease does not necessarily occur, so we cannot yet call them the cause of coronary heart disease, but only the risk factors for coronary heart disease. As a group, the more risk factors mentioned above, the higher the risk of developing coronary heart disease, the earlier the onset and the more serious the disease tends to be, therefore, the general public should actively pay attention to and control their own coronary heart disease risk factors. Adjunctive medication for related risk factors when necessary.  Since the exact cause of atherosclerotic disease is still unknown, we cannot cure coronary heart disease yet, and there is no way to make atherosclerotic plaques shrink back and become smaller worldwide. Sclerosis risk factors can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and improve the prognosis of patients with atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.