For most patients, heart failure is a long-term chronic condition that is manageable, difficult to cure, and prone to recurrence. First, let’s talk about treatment. Treatment includes a series of integrated measures, including changes in diet and lifestyle habits, pharmacotherapy, and device aids. 1, diet requires attention to two points: restrict salt and water intake. (1) Daily weighing: It can help to monitor the water retention in the body. Take your weight regularly every day (can be done early in the morning after going to the toilet, before breakfast, when wearing light clothes). Yang Yan, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Deji Hospital, is not a big problem if the change in weight is within 1 kg per day or within 2 kg per week. Weight control: If there is overweight and obesity, you need to lose weight to reach a good body mass index to reduce the burden of blood supply and oxygen supply to the heart. Of course, some patients with severe heart failure, where cachexia (extreme wasting) may occur, do not have this requirement. (2) Quit smoking: smoking increases cardiac ischemia, increases the risk of acute coronary events, and aggravates heart failure. So, absolutely quit smoking. (3) Limit alcohol consumption: One serving of alcohol is 12 ounces (373g) of beer or 5 ounces (155g) of wine. For female patients, no more than one serving of alcohol per day; for male patients, no more than two servings per day. When heart failure is due to excessive alcohol consumption, as in alcoholic cardiomyopathy, absolute abstinence from alcohol is required. Some patients with alcoholic cardiomyopathy do absolute abstinence from alcohol, and with medication, the enlarged heart can retract and the reduced heart ejection fraction reaches normal levels, and abstinence from alcohol has worked miracles! Exercise: It needs to be decided on a case-by-case basis. Regular exercise can reduce shortness of breath, weakness and discomfort, and become more energetic. 2, drugs: heart failure commonly used drugs: diuretics, ACEi or ARB, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, digoxin, warfarin (patients with atrial fibrillation), aspirin, etc. 3. Device devices ICD, CRT, CRT-D: These devices, like pacemakers, are implanted subcutaneously in the chest wall and are used in specific patients with their own indications. Heart failure patients can develop abnormal cardiac rhythms, such as ventricular arrhythmias, and implantation of an ICD can terminate these abnormal rhythms and help the heart return to normal rhythm. For CRT implantation, we will look at two indicators, one is ECG and the other is ultrasound; ECG indicating complete left bundle branch block, QRS time “150ms”, sinus rhythm + LVEF “35%” on ultrasound can help us to select patients who need CRT. The installation of CRT can improve myocardial contraction asynchrony and cardiac function in these patients. 4.Surgery and stent intervention: For heart failure caused by coronary artery disease, we can choose coronary artery bypass or coronary intervention to improve myocardial ischemia; for patients with heart failure caused by valve disease, they need to undergo valve surgery. The following are the things that you need to know and care about as a patient: 1, taking medication, you cannot stop taking medication on your own because your symptoms are improving; you should consult your doctor, who will tell you which drugs can be reduced to stop taking and which drugs need to be slowly increased to the optimal dose. 2.If any discomfort/adverse reaction occurs while taking the medication, you need to tell your doctor. 3.Learn to observe your own signs and symptoms, seek help and establish better doctor-patient communication: conditions that indicate the need for emergency 120: such as severe shortness of breath (dyspnea), weakness, chest tightness/chest pain lasting more than 15 minutes or not relieved by nitroglycerin. Conditions that need to be communicated to doctors and nurses: (1) aggravated or new dyspnea; (2) new/aggravated cough, coughing up pink foamy sputum/blood sputum; (3) swelling of lower limbs/ankles; (4) weight gain, more than 1 kg a day or more than 2 kg a week; (5) fast, slow, irregular heartbeat, black eyes, fainting, etc. Third, talk about the matters of outpatient physician follow-up check: 1, ask about recent symptoms (dyspnea, chest tightness episodes, ability to lie flat at night, swelling of lower limbs, appetite); 2, check physical signs (blood pressure measurement; listening to the heart: heart rate, rhythm, heart sounds; listening to the lungs; 3, auxiliary examinations: blood BNP (reflecting cardiac function indicators), electrolytes (whether there are electrolytes such as hypokalemia during the application of diuretics (electrolyte disorders), electrocardiogram (arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia), cardiac ultrasound (heart chamber size, ejection fraction LVEF); 4, check the medication status, increase or decrease medication, and schedule the next follow-up. If heart failure worsens and requires intravenous medication or medication adjustment, admit to the ward for safety reasons.