The occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is closely related to people’s lifestyles, and this has been recognized by society. It is not possible to solve the fundamental problems of such diseases by simple treatment, and it will not help to reduce the incidence of such diseases. Therefore, raising awareness of self-care and improving poor lifestyle habits of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases has been given high priority. Among them, improvement of dietary habits is very important. We are familiar with the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc., which are closely related to dietary habits. Therefore, the relationship between diet and cardiovascular disease is very close. Over-eating fatty, sweet and thick taste can cause sudden stroke and hemiplegia, and angina pectoris and myocardial infarction can also occur. Why can diet also cause cardiovascular disease? The main reason is that different dietary components can affect blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, and the content of sodium and calcium plasma, which are all factors closely related to the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The main ingredients in food are sugar, fat, protein, inorganic salts and vitamins. They are all related to cardiovascular disease. For example, the source of sugar in food is mainly carbohydrates, and excessive intake of food containing carbohydrates is converted into triglycerides in the body, which raises blood lipids. Long-term high blood lipid, can cause hypertension, atherosclerosis, which should be limited. Soy products, milk, freshwater fish, etc., containing low cholesterol, can be appropriate to eat more. Protein diet can slow down the process of blood vessel wall elasticity decay, improve the central nervous system regulation of blood pressure, lower blood pressure, and promote sodium ion excretion from the urine, thus reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease, so the protein diet need not be restricted. Salt is indispensable in people’s life, but if the diet contains high salt content, it is easy to cause hypertension, which in turn leads to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. It is reported that in the Hokkaido region of Japan, people’s salt intake is quite large, more than 15 to 20 grams per day, 84% of adults suffer from hypertension, and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is also very high. In China, a population survey of some areas in the north, there is a similar situation. Therefore, attention should be paid to limiting salt intake in the diet, it is advisable to reduce to less than 10 grams per day, of course, the most ideal is to maintain about 5 grams. And those who are heavy mouth, should pay more attention to limit. In short, it is necessary to arrange the diet scientifically and reasonably in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.