Ms. Zhao is 55 years old and recently felt weakness, bloating, and edema in both lower extremities, and went to the hospital for examination and found that her liver function was abnormal, her blood count was significantly decreased in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, her hepatitis C antibody and hepatitis C RNA were positive, and her ultrasound indicated cirrhotic ascites. The doctor told Ms. Zhao that it was probably the blood transfusion 25 years ago that caused her to contract the hepatitis C virus and led to the cirrhotic ascites she has today, and also told her that she could not tolerate antiviral therapy due to her current cirrhotic decompensation. There are few clinical cases like Ms. Zhao’s. Hepatitis C can easily turn into chronic hepatitis and even develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer, but generally hepatitis C has a light clinical course and low peak transaminases, so most patients are not easily detected, and many patients are found accidentally during routine physical examinations, or even develop cirrhosis or cirrhosis decompensation before they are discovered, and the latter often lose the opportunity for antiviral treatment. Hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus is called hepatitis C (hepatitis C for short). Hepatitis C is transmitted through blood, sex, and mother-to-child transmission. Blood transmission is the main route of transmission, including transmission through blood transfusions and blood products, and transmission through broken skin and mucous membranes. From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, more than 70% of post-transfusion hepatitis was hepatitis C. With improved screening methods, this mode of transmission has been significantly controlled. With treatment with pegylated interferon alpha in combination with ribavirin, the hepatitis C virus can be completely cleared and hepatitis C can be cured. The biggest problem with hepatitis C treatment at present is that the number of patients actually receiving antiviral therapy is very low, all less than 10%, even in the United States and Europe, which are countries with less than 10%. Therefore, it is important to raise public and medical awareness of hepatitis C so that more hepatitis C patients are screened. Hepatitis C is a “silent” disease with few signs and symptoms, so screening is especially important to screen people at high risk for hepatitis C. Patients who screen positive for hepatitis C antibodies should be tested for nucleic acids. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C is expected to lead to a cure if timely diagnosis and treatment is obtained. Who should be screened for hepatitis C? 1. Paid blood donors, especially those who have donated plasma. 2.People who received blood transfusion and organ transplant before 1993. 3.People who share syringes. 4.People infected with HIV. 5.Infants born to mothers infected with hepatitis C. 6.People who have been exposed to hepatitis C virus-positive blood through needle sticks, knife wounds or mucous membranes. 7.People who have sexual intercourse with hepatitis C infected persons. 8.Patients who maintain hemodialysis. 9.Patients who have performed interventional treatment (gastroscopy, endoscopy, dental instruments). 10.Patients who have had tattoo, eyebrow tattoo, ear piercing, etc.