What is non-atrophic gastritis? Non-atrophic gastritis is named in contrast to atrophic gastritis, which is actually the most common type of chronic gastritis in clinical practice, also known as chronic superficial gastritis. The basic lesions of chronic non-atrophic gastritis are epithelial cell degeneration, hyperplasia of the sulcus epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria, and sometimes intestinal epithelial metaplasia of the surface epithelium and sulcus epithelium, but not accompanied by a reduction of the intrinsic glands. Gastroscopy reveals gastric mucosal congestion, edema, punctate hemorrhage, erosion, or yellowish-white mucous exudate. Non-atrophic gastritis is only a chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, caused mostly by damage to the gastric mucosa caused by unclean diet or spicy stimuli such as excessive alcohol consumption, the symptoms of this disease are relatively mild and the prognosis is good. Can non-atrophic gastritis turn into gastric cancer? Many people worry that non-atrophic gastritis will lead to cancer, but clinical research has found that the chance of non-atrophic gastritis leading to cancer is very small. Gastric cancer originates from the superficial cells in the human body and can occur in all parts of the stomach. Although the cause of its occurrence is the same as that of gastritis, it is mainly due to the long-term use of food and drugs containing carcinogenic substances, or the combined effect of infection with Helicobacter pylori that cancer occurs. Therefore, patients need not worry too much about the development of non-atrophic gastritis into cancer. Therefore, patients do not need to worry too much about the development of non-atrophic gastritis into cancer. If chronic non-atrophic gastritis is treated actively to improve and prevented, the possibility of cancer can be completely prevented. What are precancerous diseases and precancerous lesions of gastric cancer? The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies precancerous changes of gastric cancer into precancerous disease and precancerous lesions. Precancerous disease refers to benign gastric diseases associated with gastric cancer, which have the risk of developing gastric cancer, while precancerous lesions refer to pathological changes that are more likely to turn into cancerous tissue, mainly referring to heterogeneous hyperplasia, i.e. intraepithelial neoplasia. Some scholars also regard atrophy, intestinalization and heterogeneous hyperplasia together as precancerous lesions of the stomach in a broad sense. Intestinal epithelial hyperplasia refers to the replacement of intrinsic gastric glands by intestinal glands characterized by cupular cells due to long-term chronic inflammation, and the more extensive their distribution, the higher the risk of gastric cancer. Why is atrophic gastritis cancer-prone? Chronic atrophic gastritis is a condition in which the inflammatory lesions extend to the intrinsic layer of the gastric mucosa, resulting in the destruction and reduction of the number of glands and fibrosis of the intrinsic layer. It includes multifocal atrophy centered on the gastric horn and spreading to the gastric sinus and body. Chronic atrophic gastritis, especially moderate to severe atrophic gastritis with intestinal hyperplasia or heterogeneous hyperplasia, is indeed related to gastric cancer. The development of chronic atrophic gastritis into gastric cancer is a gradual process, i.e. atrophic gastritis → intestinal epithelial hyperplasia → atypical hyperplasia (heterogeneous hyperplasia) → carcinoma in situ. This process is a very long one. Therefore, chronic atrophic gastritis is clinically regarded as precancerous disease; if accompanied by heterogeneous hyperplasia, it is a precancerous lesion. How to prevent chronic gastritis from becoming cancerous? The development of chronic gastritis into gastric cancer is a slow process. As long as we pay attention to diet and lifestyle, early intervention and active treatment, we can prevent gastritis from developing into gastric cancer. The following methods are available for reference. A reasonable diet: eat regularly, eat regularly and quantitatively, do not overeat, chew and swallow slowly, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less baked and fried food, and do not eat moldy food. Second, eliminate certain causative factors: such as smoking, alcohol (especially alcoholism), emotional stress, long-term use of drugs that stimulate the gastric mucosa, such as aspirin, sodium salicylate, anti-inflammatory pain, pau tai pine, aminopyrine, ibuprofen and tetracycline. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: eradication of Helicobacter pylori has a good role in preventing cancer in mild chronic atrophic gastritis, which is conducive to the improvement of the pathological histology of precancerous lesions, delaying the progress of precancerous lesions and reducing the risk of gastric cancer. Regular review of gastroscopy: For patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal epithelial hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia, regular review of gastroscopy is required. In general, simple atrophic gastritis should be examined once every 3 years; those with intestinal hyperplasia and mild atypical hyperplasia should be examined once every 1 year; those with moderate atypical hyperplasia should be examined once every 3 months; those with severe atypical hyperplasia should have their lesions removed endoscopically to eliminate future problems. Fifth, drug prevention: some studies suggest that the application of allicin preparations and multivitamins have a long-term preventive effect. Appropriate supplementation of multivitamins and trace elements including vitamin C, E, β-carotene, selenium, allicin, etc. may have the long-term effect of repairing the state of gastric mucosa and preventing carcinogenesis. In addition, some herbal medicines such as lamb’s stomach extract can improve the state of gastric mucosa and have certain preventive effect on carcinogenesis.