Tuberculosis is a disease with a long history; traces of infection can be found in the mummies of ancient Egyptian pyramids and in the old women unearthed at the Mawangdui in China. Abroad Chopin, Chekhov, Kafka, Shelley, Keats and Harvard University’s early donor Harvard all died of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis was known as “consumption” in ancient times in China, and in Chinese medicine, the disease of accumulation of strain and loss was called consumption. It can be seen that tuberculosis is a “poor man’s disease”, and in Europe, after the industrial revolution, due to the large concentration of factory workers as a result of socialized mass production, tuberculosis spread. The white plague” (which corresponded to the black plague caused by the bubonic plague in the Middle Ages, a sense of black and white impermanence), until the invention of streptomycin in the 1940s, tuberculosis was regarded as a terminal disease. Our infectious disease control law designates TB as a Class B infectious disease. There were only two more powerful category A infectious diseases: plague and cholera. SARS, which ravaged the world, and AIDS, which is now rampant around the world, are both Category B infectious diseases, like TB. About one-third of the world’s population is still infected with tuberculosis, and in 2009, according to WHO, China ranked second in the world in terms of the number of cases – 1.3 million! The number one country in the world is India – 2 million! According to incomplete statistics, 1.77 million people in the world die from tuberculosis every year, and the death rate of tuberculosis in China is about 12.5% of the total. Tuberculosis has been on the rise again in recent years, mainly due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis and the spread of AIDS. Prevention is the key to fighting tuberculosis. In our daily life, we must do a good job of personal hygiene, strengthen indoor ventilation, observe social ethics, do not spit, and if we have a cough or sputum for more than two weeks, we must go to a professional tuberculosis control institution to confirm the diagnosis, and after the diagnosis, we must take medication regularly and on time, which is an important factor in preventing the spread of tuberculosis.