Cerebral arteriovenous malformations were one of the first conditions to be treated with the Gamma Knife. The diagnosis of arteriovenous malformations is relatively simple and clear, and the results of treatment with Gamma Knife are good.
Kalsson typing is divided into three categories according to the location of the lesion: 1, central type; 2, cerebellar and cerebellar earth type; 3, peripheral type. All other things being equal, the chance of complications after treatment of central AVM is significantly higher than that of peripheral type.
How should the indications for Gamma Knife treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations be selected?
Because most patients have cerebral hemorrhage as the first symptom and the condition is acute, gamma knife treatment is not preferred for the acute hemorrhage stage. Because gamma knife can not immediately relieve the symptoms, and, intracerebral hematoma, intracerebroventricular blood accumulation, hydrocephalus and vasospasm caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage, can make the acute vascular masses are deformed by pressure, or even show incomplete or not at all, will seriously affect the treatment effect. It is recommended to choose treatment after the hematoma is absorbed and the condition is stable, mostly 1-3 months after the hemorrhage. For AVM pathology with residual or only hematoma removal after surgery, gamma knife treatment is usually done after complete disappearance of cerebral edema, reset of normal structures and stabilization of systemic status. Arteriovenous malformations that are not completely occluded after embolization therapy are performed within three months after embolization therapy to avoid recanalization of the malformed vessels.
Common complications after Gamma Knife treatment of arteriovenous malformations are radioactive cerebral edema, etc. Most of the symptoms are mild and do not require special treatment.