Congenital heart disease refers to local anatomical anomalies caused by disorders in the formation of the heart and large blood vessels during human embryonic development (within the first 2-3 months of pregnancy), or failure to close channels that should close automatically after birth (normal in the fetus) The majority of hearts require surgical treatment, except for individual small ventricular septal defects that have a chance of self-healing before the age of 5. The main categories are atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary valve stenosis, tetralogy of Fallot, and complete transposition of the great arteries. The causes of congenital heart disease: Heart disease is the result of the interaction of complex relationships such as genetic and environmental factors. The following factors may affect the development of the fetus and produce congenital malformations: environmental factors of fetal development (viral and bacterial infections during pregnancy, malnutrition, pre-eclampsia, etc.), genetic factors, others (including geography, diseases, rubella viral diseases). Symptoms of congenital heart disease: prone to recurrent upper respiratory infections, developmental delay, reduced mobility, complex precocious heart disease and cyanosis, pestle and mortar fingers (toes), squatting and erythrocytosis, heart failure, etc. Some patients even experience syncope and sudden death. The symptoms of patients with congenital heart disease depend on the blood shunt flow. With a small shunt flow and a mild condition, there can be no symptoms and only a heart murmur is found during physical examination. Defects with large shunts, with the decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance after birth, will soon show reduced mobility, which can manifest as palpitations and shortness of breath after activity, and in children can also manifest as excessive sweating, shortness of breath, feeding difficulties, recurrent upper respiratory infections, etc. The examination and diagnosis of congenital heart disease: Determining whether congenital heart disease is present can be based on medical history, symptoms, signs and some special examinations. History (1) Pregnancy history of the mother: any viral infection, radiation exposure, medication history, nutritional disorders, exposure to special environmental and genetic factors during the first 3 months of pregnancy, etc. (2) Common symptoms: Patients with congenital heart disease mostly have decreased mobility, shortness of breath, developmental delay, cyanosis, squatting, pestle and mortar fingers (toes) and erythrocytosis, chest pain, heart failure, syncope, etc. In children, they may also present with recurrent or persistent upper respiratory tract infections, pallor, low crying, moaning, hoarseness, excessive sweating, etc. The presence of these symptoms suggests the possibility of congenital heart disease. (3) Development: children with congenital heart disease are often malnourished, thin, weightless, and growth retarded. The common complications of congenital heart disease are: heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, hypoxic attack, cerebral thrombosis and brain abscess, etc. Treatment of congenital heart disease: mainly surgical and interventional treatment. Surgical treatment is the main treatment modality, which is applicable to all kinds of simple congenital heart diseases (such as: ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary valve stenosis, etc.) and complex congenital heart diseases (such as: tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary artery atresia, tricuspid valve subluxation, transposition of the great arteries, ectopic linkage of pulmonary veins, permanent arterial trunk, etc.). Interventional treatment is a new treatment method developed in recent years, mainly for children with unclosed ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect and partial ventricular septal defect that are not combined with other anomalies requiring surgical correction can be considered for interventional treatment. The difference between the two mainly lies in the fact that surgical treatment has a wider scope of application and can cure all kinds of simple and complex congenital heart diseases, but there is a certain degree of trauma, longer postoperative recovery time, a few patients may have arrhythmias, chest and heart cavity effusion and other complications, and also leave surgical scars affecting the aesthetics. Interventional treatment, on the other hand, has a narrower scope of application and is more expensive, but it is less invasive, has a faster postoperative recovery, no surgical scars, etc. Prevention and health care of congenital heart disease: (1) Although the cause of congenital heart disease is not very clear, in order to prevent the occurrence of congenital heart disease, attention should be paid to the mother’s health care during pregnancy, especially in early pregnancy, such as active prevention of rubella, influenza, mumps and other viral infections. Avoid exposure to radiation and some harmful substances. Use medications under the guidance of doctors and avoid taking drugs that have an impact on fetal development, such as methysergide. Pay attention to a reasonable diet and avoid nutritional deficiency. Prevent local mechanical compression around the fetus. In conclusion, in order to prevent congenital heart disease, all factors related to its development should be avoided. (2) In early pregnancy (before 3 months) try not to sit for too long in front of the computer microwave oven and other places with strong magnetic fields because the fetus is still unstable at this time and all organs are still in the forming stage is likely to cause congenital heart disease in the child.