Recently, in the clinic, we always encounter several patients with hypotension, with weakness around the body and poor status. Also, we find that patients have much less knowledge about hypotension than hypertension, and most of them are not quite aware of the dangers of hypotension. Today we talk about the most common causes and dangers of hypotension. Hypotension is defined as an arterial blood pressure of less than 90 mmHg systolic and less than 60 mmHg diastolic, while for the elderly, a blood pressure of less than 100/70 mmHg is diagnostic of hypotension. The prevalence of hypotension is about 4%, and up to 10% in the elderly population, which is not uncommon but often easily overlooked. Hypotension includes both physiological hypotension and case-specific hypotension. Physiological hypotension often has no other etiology, only low blood pressure, and there are no symptoms related to hypotension, and there is no ischemia or hypoxia in the organs of the systems, so there is no harm to the body. Pathological hypotension, on the other hand, requires attention. First, it is institutional hypotension, which is mostly seen in elderly women who are emotionally unstable and have a thin physique, and can have a family genetic tendency. Patients usually have dizziness, heartbeat, and weakness, and often cannot be detected in the hospital. This is due to the weakening of the heart muscle tone and loss of elasticity of the blood vessel wall in the elderly. Second, it is secondary hypotension, often secondary to acute blood loss, heart attack, chronic anemia, diabetes, cerebral arteriosclerosis, stroke after chronic diseases, the patient is drowsy, weak, dizzy, vision impairment. Chronic wasting diseases and malnutrition can also cause secondary hypotension, such as tuberculosis, chronic liver disease, kidney disease, severe diabetes mellitus, etc. Third, it is postural hypotension (upright hypotension), which is a sudden drop in blood pressure of more than 20 mm Hg when the patient changes from the recumbent to the upright position, or when standing for a long time, and is accompanied by obvious symptoms, such as: dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision, weakness, nausea, etc. A variety of diseases can cause upright hypotension, such as diabetes, Parkinson’s syndrome, or other conditions such as: bedridden, frail elderly. Patients with recurrent postural hypotension also suggest a decline in his heart function and require detailed examination of the heart. Fourth, it is urinary hypotension, which is a sudden fainting and confusion during or after urination, and returns to normal 2-3 minutes after the attack. Mostly due to the sudden emptying of the bladder at night after it is full so that the abdominal pressure suddenly decreases, the veins dilate, the amount of blood returned to the heart decreases, and the blood pressure drops. Fifth, is drug hypotension, caused by the patient after taking drugs that affect blood pressure. For example, taking antihypertensive drugs such as methyldopa, guanethidine, eugenol, valium, chlorpromazine, fenadine, dihydrocoumarin, tachyphylaxis, anti-anginal drugs such as anti-cardiac pain, nitroglycerin, etc. can also cause hypotension. With hypotension, what should I do? Generally, antihypertensive drugs have major side effects and are only used in particularly severe and persistent hypotension. For physiological hypotension, the patient has no obvious symptoms and often does not require special treatment. For pathological hypotension, patients are generally advised to exercise appropriately. Exercise can improve the body’s regulation of blood pressure and help reduce the occurrence of hypotension, but care should be taken that the amount of exercise should not be too large, nor should you do exercises with excessive changes in body position, walking, jogging, swimming and other items are appropriate. Eat a small number of meals, should not eat too much. Do not move immediately after the meal, but take a proper rest (about 30-60 minutes) before standing up and walking or doing other things. At the same time, drink more water, at least 2000 ml per day. When taking a hot bath, prepare a bath mat or a small chair in advance, sit on the bath mat or chair when washing, and lie down properly for a while after washing before getting up and moving around. When you go out, you should not stand for a long time, and when you are standing, you should move every few minutes. In addition, do not suddenly stand up after bending over, should hold the wall or with the help of other objects to gradually stand up. Do not hold urine excessively. If you have experienced urinary fainting before, it is recommended to sit on the toilet to urinate. Read the drug instructions carefully before taking the medication. Any medication that can cause dizziness, lightheadedness and low blood pressure should be used with caution.