Clinical characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Nasopharyngeal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors with a high incidence in the south of China. It has certain family tendency, and EBV is one of the causes of nasopharyngeal cancer. In the early stage, there are often no obvious symptoms and it is difficult to examine the primary lesion with naked eyes. Common symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal discharge with blood, headache and tinnitus; in the advanced stage when it invades the mind, severe headache, deafness and diplopia, and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck may appear. Nasopharyngeal cancer is located in the nasopharynx and there are many important organs in the vicinity, so surgery is more difficult, so surgery is generally not used. As nasopharyngeal cancer is more sensitive to radiation, radiotherapy is the first choice of treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer, and radiotherapy is often accompanied by dry mouth and dry tongue due to deficiency of Qi and Yin. Nasopharyngeal cancer is sensitive to chemotherapy and is often treated in late stage.
Rehabilitation care for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
A. Quenching thirst with fluid
Nasopharyngeal cancer and its radiotherapy often lead to dry mouth and dry tongue, which is due to the excessive distribution of nostril blockage and oral fluid reduction due to the destruction of oral glands after radiotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to supply enough water, or to give thirst-quenching plums, sour dates, American ginseng, etc.
Second, improve the environment
The patient’s living environment should not be dry and turbid, and the relative humidity of the room should be 60% to 70%. Do not smoke, do not drink, do not eat irritating food.
Pay attention to the hygiene of the five senses
When the tumor invades or presses the eustachian tube, it is easy to combine with infection, and purulent secretion appears in the ear or nostril, even with fishy smell. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the cleanliness of nose, ear and eye. After radiotherapy, symptoms such as dry throat and sore throat appear, which affects swallowing in serious cases. It is necessary to gargle more, keep oral hygiene, and the throat can be sprayed with antibiotics or double throat wind dispersion, etc.
Fourth, pay attention to skin care
During radiotherapy, avoid chemical and physical stimulation in the irradiated field, avoid using soap, iodine, adhesive tape, etc., avoid sunlight and cold wind stimulation. When skin exudate occurs after radiotherapy, skin should be exposed and stimulation should be avoided, and local topical application of black general dan (Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital formula) should be used.
Food selection for nasopharyngeal cancer
I. Staple food
Wheat, barley, corn, buckwheat, sorghum, millet, oats, japonica rice, black beans, mung beans, glutinous rice, adzuki beans, etc. are sweet and flat in taste, and rich in vitamin B1, B2, vitamin PP, carotene, lysine, which have the ability to fight cancer and suppress cancer; they contain magnesium, selenium and other trace elements, magnesium can inhibit the occurrence of cancer, selenium has antioxidant effect and prevents the formation of tumor. Avoid sticky staple food.
II. Vegetables
Eggplant, winter melon, white radish, loofah, rape, spinach, celery, yellow cauliflower, pumpkin, mushroom, fungus, bitter melon, purple cabbage, etc. These vegetables are rich in many vitamins, trace elements and anti-cancer complexes. Avoid spicy, sour and cold side dishes.
Meat
Pork, beef, milk, eggs, duck eggs, yellow fish, carp, carp, loach, snapper, abalone, silver carp, pig lung, pig liver, pig feet, pig skin, etc. have different degrees of anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects, and are good for deficiency.
Four, fruits
Apples, pears, bananas, plums, coconuts, oranges, tangerines, figs, watermelons, cucumbers, grapes, etc. are cold in nature, sour and sweet in taste, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, and rich in vitamin C and various anti-cancer compounds. Fruits should not be eaten raw, it is appropriate to take the juice.